A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 3 (of 3), Modern criticismSaintsbury, George
History
A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 3 (of 3), Modern criticism
Saintsbury, George
Criticism -- History; Literature -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval
From my point of view, however, the most important of the four is the
_Abhandlung von dem Wunderbaren_ by Bodmer, and next to this, the same
writer’s elaborate examination, in the _Poetische Gemahlde_, of _Don
Quixote_, and of that _Durchlauchstigste Syrerin Aramena_, which is one
of the chief German Heroic Romances, and one of the literary
achievements of the House of Brunswick, having been written by Duke
Anton Ulrich. The generalities of the _Kritische Dichtkunst_ are, no
doubt, as one of the characters in _Westward Ho!_ says, “all very good
and godly”: but the unfortunate Gottsched, if he had had a little more
wit, might so have couched his complaint of their unpracticality that it
would not have been ridiculous. “Logics of Phantasy” are all very well:
doctrines that the poet must be thus and thus minded are all very well.
But we want _poems_, we want imaginative literature itself; and these
were the most difficult things in the world to get in the first half of
the eighteenth century. Bodmer, in dealing with prose fiction,
recognises, as few critics had recognised, the second greatest division
of the imaginative literature of the world—greater even than drama in a
way, because it borrows nothing from poetry, but stands on its own
merits,—the division which was at last slowly rising from the ocean
where it had been so long submerged. And in the _Dissertation on the
Wonderful_ he boldly unlocked the tabooed treasury wherein men had been
so long forbidden to seek the true riches of poetry.
There was the real _labor_, the real _opus_. It is not too much to say
that the prevailing doctrine—during the seventeenth century
increasingly, and at the beginning of the eighteenth as a recognised
orthodoxy—made poetry almost impossible. In spite of the grudging
permission of such inadequate safety-valves as _furor poeticus_, _beau
désordre_, “lucky license,” and the rest, this doctrine was that even
the _Wunderbar_ had got to submit itself to the _Wahrscheinlich_, with a
very distinct understanding that it was far the safer way to attend to
the Verisimilar and let the Wonderful alone. Even Bodmer himself seems
to have been rather led to a sounder creed by his admiration for Milton
and his revolt against such things as Voltaire’s condemnation of parts
of _Paradise Lost_,[34] than by a clear, straightforward apperception of
the prerogative of Wonder. Even he proceeds rather by extension of
“machinery,” by pointing out the capabilities and interest of the use of
Angels and the like, than by any thorough-going anticipation of the
Coleridgean “suspension of disbelief.” But this was very natural and
almost necessary: while it may be pointed out that his attention to the
Prose Romance—in which, for this reason or that, the unexpected and the
exceptional had always held rather a prominent place—tended in the same
direction as his doctrine of the Wonderful in Poetry.
[Sidenote: _Special criticisms of both._]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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