A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 1 of 2): The Lepadidae; Or, Pedunculated CirripedesDarwin, Charles
Science
A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 1 of 2): The Lepadidae; Or, Pedunculated Cirripedes
Darwin, Charles
Cirripedia; Lepadidae
In this Pollicipes there is other evidence of
concentration in the nervous system, for none of the ganglia show signs
of being formed of lateral pairs; the second is close to the first; and
the abdominal double chord is in part separated by a mere cleft; lastly,
as we shall immediately see, the same remark is applicable to the
supra-oesophageal ganglia.
The latter (D) alone remain to be described; they present far more
diversity in shape than do the thoracic ganglia; they are almost always
seen in outline to be laterally distinct, and usually resemble two pears
with their tapering ends cut off and united; in a transverse line they
are as long as the infra-oesophageal ganglion, but are much less
massive. In _Lepas fascicularis_ (D), they are pear-shaped; in
_Pollicipes mitella_ they are globular, and separated by a third
globular ganglion, which I believe is the ophthalmic ganglion, presently
to be described; in _Pollicipes spinosus_, however, the ophthalmic
ganglion is, as usual, placed in advance of the supra-oesophageal
ganglion, which latter, in this one species, shows no sign of being
formed of a lateral pair fused together. In _Alepas cornuta_ the
supra-oesophageal ganglion consists of two quite distinct ganglia,
elongated in the longitudinal axis of the body, and separated from each
other by the whole width of the mouth; the chord which unites them is of
the same thickness as the rest of the collar. In all the genera, from
the front of each of the two supra-oesophageal ganglia, a pair of
nerves, (_f_, _f_,) united and together as large as the collar nerve,
rises, and can be traced running unbranched, in a nearly straight line,
for a length equalling the whole rest of the nervous chord, so as to
supply the peduncle and the inside of the capitulum or sack. At the
inner ends of these two same ganglia, from a central point where they
are united, a little central branch runs in front to the adductor
scutorum and other adjoining muscles; and still smaller fibrils run
behind to the oesophageal muscles.
[Illustration: Diagram of the anterior portion of the nervous system in
_Lepas fascicularis_. A. First thoracic or infra-oesophageal ganglion.
B. Second thoracic. C. Third thoracic ganglion. D. Supra-oesophageal
ganglion. E. The two ophthalmic ganglia. F. Double eye. _a_. Nerve going
to first cirrus; _b_, to the muscles below the first cirrus; _c_, to the
second cirrus; _d_, to the third; _e_, nerves running to the ovaria;
_f_, double nerves supplying the sack and peduncle.]
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