Assyrian Historiography: A Source StudyOlmstead, A. T. (Albert Ten Eyck)
History
Assyrian Historiography: A Source Study
Olmstead, A. T. (Albert Ten Eyck)
Assyria -- History -- Historiography; Assyria -- History -- Sources
name of one of Sennacharib's sons, which can be secured only by
assuming a mistake in the Armenian alphabet.
It is in Eusebius that we find our most useful information, some of
the facts being very real additions to our knowledge. But Berossus was
also used by the early Apollodorus Chronicle, some time after 144
B. C., from which some of his information may have drifted into other
chronological writings. Alexander Polyhistor was used by Josephus, and
Abydenus by Cyrillus, Syncellus, and the Armenian historian, the
pseudo Moses of Chorene. So in these too, or even in others not here
named, may lurk stray trifles from the work of Berossus. Perhaps from
this, or from a similar source, comes the Babylonian part of the list
of Kings known as the Canon of Ptolemy, which begins, as does the
Babylonian Chronicle, with the accession of Nabonassar. [Footnote: The
most convenient edition Wachsmuth, _Einleitung in das Studium der
alten Geschichte_, 304 ff.; cf. Rogers, 239.] Though directly of
Egyptian origin, as is shown by the system of dating, it undoubtedly
goes back to a first class Babylonian source, as do the astronomical
data in the Almagest of the same author, though here too the Egyptian
calendar is used. [Footnote: Cf. Olmstead, _Sargon_, 34 f.]
Summing up, practically all the authentic knowledge that the classical
world has of the Assyrians and Babylonians came from
Berossus. [Footnote: Of the literature on Berossus, we may quote here
only Müller, _Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum_, II. 495 ff.; and
the various articles by Schwartz, on Abydenus, Alexandros 88, and
Berossus, in the Pauly-Wissowa _Real-encyclopädie_.] Herodotus
may furnish a bit and something may be secured from the fragments of
the Assyriaca of Ctesias, but it is necessary to test each fact from
other sources before it can be accepted.
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