At the present moment the exportation of rubber from the Amazon is composed of 50 per cent of rubber “fina,” 10 per cent of “entre-fina,” 25 per cent of “sernamby,” and 15 per cent of “caucho.” Now, any process that can do away with or might at least diminish the percentage of entrefina and sernamby would be a means of cheapening the rubber of finer quality (fina). To apply the same activity to produce 70 or 75 Kilos of “fina” instead of 50 fina, 10 entrefina and 15 sernamby, is the same in reality as obtaining the first quality at a very much lower price. Such is the desideratum of the process of Dr. Carlos de Cerqueira Pinto, a Brazilian doctor who has lived for a great number of years among the rubber districts where he has made a most accurate study of the subject. The results hitherto attained are very satisfactory, the Government of Brazil having aided the inventor with a view to spreading his invention once its advantages have been definitely proven. At the same time, the process of extracting the rubber from trees disseminated in the interior of the forests at a considerable distance one tree from the other, is against all principles of economy. The planting on a large scale, on the margin of the Amazon river, or of its big affluents, but in places of easy access, is an essential measure, especially seeing that the Government aims at maintaining for Brazil in future, the prominent position it now occupies in the trade. Therefore, whilst considering all the complex elements of the question thoroughly, a study had to be made of all the solutions presented. We shall now see what procedure was followed: In August, 1909, a Congress of seringueiros (rubber gatherers), assembled in Acre with a view to studying and discussing the situation of the rubber trade. In a message addressed to the President of the Republic at the closing of the proceedings, the members of the Congress suggested, as chief measures, easy communications, roads, railway lines, subventioned lines of steamers, colonization promoted by the Government and a reduction in the export duty. Later on, in the same year, the Pará Government enacted Laws Nos. 1,100 and 1,109 of the 5th and 6th of November, both of which have great bearing on the solution of this most important problem. The first of said laws gives authority, in article 1st, to the State Government, to enter into agreements with one or more native or foreign companies, in regard to the plantation and exploitation of the seringueira (hevea brasiliensis) against the concession of the following favors: a. The concession of vacant lands up to twenty thousand hectares with proper demarkations for the Company’s plantings. b. Reduction in the export duty of planted rubber to the extent of 50 per cent in the first 10 years as from the date of the first exportation; of 40 per cent in the second decade; of 30 per cent thenceforward until completion of twenty years.