“An East Indian, twenty-two years of age, of healthy aspect, in the month of October, 1854, when proceeding on a shooting excursion, at Moulmein, in Burmah, was most severely wounded by the accidental explosion of his gun, the entire charge of large shot lodging in the center of the left thigh, and causing a bad compound fracture, with fearful laceration of the soft parts. I was asked to see the patient by Dr. Reynolds, the staff-surgeon of the station, at half-past seven A.M., an hour after the injury had been inflicted, and found him laboring under most urgent collapse and great nervous depression. It was of course impossible to save the limb, but I suggested delay for some hours, and the moderate use of stimulants, till the system had in some degree recovered its equilibrium. Such was the case at five P.M., and the flap operation was done while the man was under the full influence of chloroform, (three drachms being required for that purpose.) When placed in bed, he became conscious, but never rallied, and died in half an hour. “Very little blood was lost during the operation, and the impression on my mind was, that it would have been wiser to have steadily but carefully continued the use of stimulants during the operation, and thus have counteracted the shock of the latter following on that of the injury, from which the system had only partially recovered.”--_Case by Dr. Dane, Surgeon to the Forces._ Deputy Inspector-General Taylor informs me that “a young muscular man, of the siege-train, had his left thigh nearly carried off at its middle by a cannon-shot at Sebastopol. The soft parts on the inside, including the artery, escaped laceration; the remaining soft parts and large pieces of bone were entirely carried away, the injury extending above the middle of the bone. The muscles on the fore part of the other thigh were extensively laid bare and injured. The prostration was great; pulse feeble; the man’s spirits were good, and he desired amputation under chloroform. The left thigh was amputated at the upper third. The chloroform, administered on a pocket-handkerchief, lightly folded, and held over the nose and mouth, speedily took effect. I am under the impression that the chloroform not only caused insensibility to pain, but supported the system during the operation, although the man died an hour after its completion. Nevertheless, I think the chloroform enabled the man to bear the operation better than he would have done without it.” This case does not quite meet my proposition as to the effect of chloroform when the thigh has been carried off nearer the hip-joint, with rupture of the principal artery; cases which have hitherto been usually lost, whether amputation is performed or not.