By what members of the staff should active research be carried on? The strictly clinical group, engaged largely in outside practice, should be encouraged, but, of course, one cannot expect that they will produce much, as they do not have the time or the sense of leisure that is necessary for research. If any of them produce an occasional clinical study, they are to be congratulated. This must not be considered to be their field. The younger members of the hospital staff, residents and assistants, should all take part in some research problem, but as they are apt to be almost wholly untrained they can be regarded only as extra hands at the beginning. They receive a training that is of utmost value to them personally, particularly if they are, as they should be, under the personal supervision of an experienced investigator; but one cannot anticipate that they will make important contributions. Experience has made it clear to me that one of our common errors is to expect too much of these men, in that we allow them to work too independently both for the good of their own training and for their productiveness. With rare exceptions few men are qualified, either technically or intellectually, to carry on clinical research of any great importance until they have had several years of experience in laboratory work and in the study of disease in the wards. This means that it is only the older members of the medical staff who may be expected to undertake continuous problems of any particular significance and it accentuates the importance of providing adequate salaries for assistants who are five or ten years out of school. These are the men who can plan for prolonged periods of time devoted to one problem, and they will also be the men to guide and train the recent graduates. Of course, even among the selected groups of older members of the staff there will be few who will produce research that is important in itself, for in any field high grade investigators are unusual. In general, one can only expect good solid research of a more or less routine character. Such work is, however, not to be depreciated, as it plays an important part in keeping up the tone of the clinic and in the long run advance in our knowledge of disease probably depends as much on this type of conscientious, honest investigation as on the gifted researches of brilliant geniuses.