A serum has also been used of late years for the treatment of micrococcus-infection, and has given good results in many cases. It has been used, also, to avert the risk of such infection in certain operations where the antiseptic method cannot be strictly carried out. For the use of a "polyvalent" serum, reference may be made to the recent paper by Dr. W. S. Fenwick and Dr. Parkinson. (_Trans. Roy. Med. Chir. Soc._, 1906.) II ANTHRAX In animals, anthrax is also called _charbon_, splenic fever, or splenic apoplexy: in man, the name of _malignant pustule_ is given to the sore at the point of accidental inoculation, and the name of _woolsorter's disease_ is given to those cases of anthrax where the lungs are infected by inhalation of the spores of the _bacillus anthracis_. The disease occurs among hide-dressers, woolsorters, brushmakers, and rag-pickers: among animals, it occurs in sheep, cattle, horses, and swine:-- "Many of the outbreaks of anthrax in England have been in the neighbourhood of Bradford, and have been traced to the use of infected wool-refuse as manure. A map published by the Board of Agriculture shows that the outbreaks of anthrax are most frequent in those counties of Great Britain where dry foreign wools, hairs, hides, and skins are manufactured into goods. In 1892, there were forty-two outbreaks of anthrax in the West Riding of Yorkshire, as against two in the North Riding, and one in the East Riding. An undoubted fact in connection with anthrax is its tendency to recur on certain farms. During 1895, the disease reappeared on twenty-three farms or other premises in England, and six in Scotland, where it had been reported in the previous year." (Dr. Poore's Milroy Lectures, _On the Earth in relation to Contagia_, 1899.) An admirable account of the disease, as it occurs in man, is given by Dr. Hamer and Dr. Bell, in the valuable series of monographs edited by Dr. Oliver of Newcastle, under the title _Dangerous Trades_ (London, John Murray, 1902). Happily, the disease is very rare among men, even among those most exposed to it. For its treatment in man, an antitoxin has been used with some success: but the cases are too few to be of much importance.[15] [15] Dr. Legge, in his Milroy Lectures, 1905, on Industrial Anthrax (_Lancet_, March and April 1905), gives a full account of Sobernheim's work up to March 1904, and a table of seventy-six cases, treated with Sclavo's serum.