Immigration : $b A world movement and its American significanceFairchild, Henry Pratt
History
Immigration : $b A world movement and its American significance
Fairchild, Henry Pratt
Emigration and immigration; United States -- Emigration and immigration
An examination of the evidence on the question tends to support the
statement of the Baltimore editor, rather than the denial of Mrs.
Trollope. Other numbers of _Niles’ Register_ contain frequent accounts
of such practices. A letter written from England, dated February 7,
1823, and published in this journal states, “I was down in the London
docks and there were _twenty-six paupers_ going out in the ship
_Hudson_, to New York, sent by the parish of Eurbarst, in Sussex, in
carriers’ wagons, who paid their passage and gave them money to start
with when they arrived in the U. States.” The editor states that “this
precious cargo has arrived safely.”[63] Other numbers of the _Register_
contain similar instances, some of them quoted from other papers.[64]
So far the evidence consists mostly of newspaper tales, and is perhaps
open to reasonable doubt, though where there was so much smoke there
must have been some fire. But more reliable testimony is available.
Charges of the kind in question finally became so prevalent that the
government ordered an investigation, and on May 15, 1838, Mr. John
Forsyth, then Secretary of State, presented a report on the subject of
pauperism and immigration. This contains a large amount of testimony,
from which it will be sufficient to select a few typical cases.
On June 28, 1831, Mr. R. M. Harrison, United States consul at Kingston,
Jamaica, reported that there was a local law compelling shipmasters who
left that port to carry away paupers, for which they received $10 each
as remuneration. If they refused to take them, they were fined $300. As
various states had laws forbidding the landing of paupers, it was
customary for shipmasters to sign the paupers as seamen. The pauper had
the privilege of choosing his own vessel, and most of them went to the
United States. Mr. Van Buren called the attention of Lord Palmerston,
the British Foreign Secretary, to the affair, and requested a
discontinuance of the practice. Lord Palmerston replied that the law was
to expire December 31, and the governor of Jamaica had been instructed
to withhold his assent to any similar law.[65]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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