Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist — John Shaqi
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalistFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects -- Biology
In this choice, upon which even transcendent knowledge could not
improve, such an assembly of difficulties is splendidly resolved, that
one asks if one be not the dupe of some involuntary illusion, and if
preconceived theories have not obscured the reality of facts, in short,
whether the pen has not described imaginary marvels. A scientific
result is only solidly established when confirmed by experiments
repeated in every possible way. Now let us submit to experimental proof
the physiological operation taught us by Cerceris tuberculata. If it be
possible to obtain artificially what the Hymenopteron obtained by her
sting, i.e. abolition of movement, and long preservation of the victim
in a state of perfect freshness; if it be possible to bring about this
wonder with the Coleoptera hunted by the Cerceris, or with those
possessing a like nervous centralisation, while one fails with those
whose ganglia are far apart, one must admit, however exacting one may
be in the matter of proof, that the Hymenopteron possesses in the
unconscious inspirations of instinct the resources of sublime science.
Let us see then what experiment shows. The manner of operation is very
simple. With a needle, or, better still, with the point of a fine steel
pen, we must introduce a tiny drop of some corrosive liquid into the
thoracic motive centres, pricking the insect slightly at the jointing
of the prothorax behind the first pair of feet. The liquid which I use
is ammonia, but it is evident that any other liquid whose action is
equally strong would produce the same results. The metal pen being
charged with ammonia as it might be with a droplet of ink, I give the
prick. The effects thus obtained differ enormously, according to
whether the experiment be made upon species with thoracic ganglia near
together or upon those where these same ganglia are far apart. With
regard to the first category, my experiments were made on Scarabæus, S.
sacer and S. longicollis; on a bronze Buprestis; and on weevils,
especially that Cleonus hunted by the heroine of these observations. In
the second category I have experimented on Caraboidea, Carabus,
Procrustes, Chlœnius, Sphodrus, Nebria; Longicornia, Saperda, and
Lamia; on Melasomes; Blaps, Scaurus, and Asida.
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