In the eighteenth century, Schilling tells us he treated leprosy with success. For the first three months he ordered a rather sparing diet, consisting of bread, vegetables and soup. The real treatment began with purgatives, “not mineral ones, because these are dangerous for lepers, and often produce dangerous diarrhœa,” and was followed by warm baths, “with circumspection, when the disease is far advanced, because they produce palpitation of the heart, convulsions and fainting fits.” In addition to advising frequent exercise in the open air, Schilling regarded it as important to dilute the diseased humours by large quantities of purifying fluids, of which he used first emollient decoctions, and later, powerful sudorific ones. As mild ones he used barley water, infusions of herbs, Agrimony, Hedera terrestris, Fumaria, Veronica, etc., to which were sometimes added other softening and purgative remedies, such as Malva, Parietaria, Senna and Rhubarb. Of these the patients took, for six weeks, 3 to 4 litres daily. He then gave powerful resolvents and sudorifics, as Saponaria, Zedoaria, Sassafras, Juniper, Fol. Scolopendrii, herb. Cardui benedicti, Pareira brava, etc. The more the patient could take, the more rapid and complete, according to Schilling, was the cure. Rich food and good wine might be given. During the treatment the patient had to guard himself from cold air. After three months the patient was bled, as much blood being taken as his strength would allow. The external remedies which were used when there were putrid ulcerations, and when fingers and toes commenced to fall off, were tincture of aloes, myrrh, and succini, which were dropped on lint and applied twice a day. Both the pharmaceutical and the dietetic remedies were to be persevered with until definite signs of cure were manifest, and the treatment was to be continued for many months after apparent recovery. Many years ago this method of treatment was carried out at the Lungegaard’s hospital, but without success. We shall next mention all the specific remedies which have been recommended and have acquired any reputation as effective. _Madar_ (Mudar) is one of the oldest. It is got from the Indian plant, Caloptris gigantea (_Asclepias gigantea_). Only the powdered bark of the root was used. Some of it was sent from India to the Lungegaard’s hospital, and was given in large doses to many lepers. The effect was absolutely _nil_; one might just as well have given them flour. Dr. George Watt enumerates the following plants of which the oils have been used in India in leprosy:--(1) Albizzea Libbek, (2) Anacardium occidentale, (3) Gynometra ramiflora, (4) Dipterocarpus turbinatus, (5) Gynocardia odorata, (6) Hydnocarpus Wightoni, (7) Hydnocarpus venenata, (8) Pongania glabra, (9) Psoralea corylifolia, (10) Sunocarpus anacardium, (11) Arachis hypogæa. Of these, only a few merit more particular mention; the others have been mostly merely popular remedies.