Londinium, Architecture and the CraftsLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Londinium, Architecture and the Crafts
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
England -- Antiquities, Roman; London (England) -- Antiquities, Roman; Romans -- England -- London
Another stone at the Guildhall, found like the others in the Camomile
Street bastion, has a short length of a decorated angle column recessed
as a “nook-shaft” and about a foot in diameter (Fig. 65). This, I think,
must have formed part of a similar monument. (This stone is not, I
think, given by Price, but it appears in an illustration in _J.B.A.A._)
The mausolea of Londinium must have been very similar to the monuments
at Trèves, and it may not be doubted that they would have been coloured
as some of those were coloured. (I have a note that sculpture, as well
as the decorative carving, was coloured.) The braided work of Early
Saxon monuments would have been “picked out” in colour in a similar way,
and I believe that fragments which have been found prove this.
[Illustration:
FIG. 64.
]
[Illustration:
FIG. 65.
]
[Illustration:
FIG. 66.
]
ALTAR-TOMBS
Another type of tomb, of which many examples exist in the Museum at
Trèves, is an altar-like structure having a square body surmounted by a
slab ending in two big bolster-like rolls covered with scale or leaf
ornament (see Espèrandieu). Tombs of this type have been found in
Pompeii. We have in the British Museum parts of a very fine monument of
this class. One of two stones is a great roll, and another has an
inscription in handsome letters. These were found together in the
foundations of one of the bastions of the City Wall at Tower Hill, as
described in _The Builder_, September 4, 1852. In the illustration which
was reproduced before (Fig. 33), a pile of other stones is shown, one of
which, a moulding with a return, may have been the base of the same
monument. The inscribed stone in the British Museum shows that the body
of the monument was made up of four stones arranged as in the plan (Fig.
66), and cramped together; the size of this part was probably 7 by 5
Roman feet. It was not a sarcophagus, as the form seems to suggest, but
a chest in which an urn containing ashes was placed. The examples at
Trèves show that it was lifted on a high base. The covering part of our
monument was made up of three stones of which one of the two end-pieces
is in the Museum. The two end-pieces had large volute-like rolls similar
to those on altars—for example, the little altar of Diana at Goldsmiths’
Hall. On these altars the central part usually rises again between the
rolls into a gable-like shape, and that this type was followed in our
tomb is shown by several examples at Trèves, as well as by the existing
end stone which was evidently one of three; the little relief decoration
on the remaining edge is suitable to have followed from relief carving
in the central stone (Figs. 66 and 67). This tomb was a work of high
quality, but it is badly shown; the two stones could be set up together
so as to show the size and importance of the monument. If this were done
and the Haydon Square and Clapton sarcophagi were shown with it, we
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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