Movement of the International Literary Exchanges, between France and North America from January 1845 to May, 1846: With Instructions for Collecting, Preparing, and Forwarding Objects of Natural History Written by The Professors Administrators of The Museum Of Natural History At Paris. And Instructions Relative to Anthropology and Zoology
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Movement of the International Literary Exchanges, between France and North America from January 1845 to May, 1846: With Instructions for Collecting, Preparing, and Forwarding Objects of Natural History Written by The Professors Administrators of The Museum Of Natural History At Paris. And Instructions Relative to Anthropology and Zoology
Exchange of publications
The drying of plants may be much quickened by dividing them into
packets of 8 or 10 packets only, with very little paper between, and
pressing them between two frames furnished with a wire grate tied up
by strings; a layer of four or five leaves of paper should be placed
on each side, immediately under the grate, to render the pressure more
uniform and keep the plants from crisping; if these small packets are
exposed to the sun or a current of air, the plants dry rapidly, often
before the paper is changed that contains them; but unless there is a
great number of these frames, it is impossible to dry but a small
number of plants, and this process would be especially useful for
those persons to whom the formation of an herbal is but an accessory
occupation.
Botanists who wish to dry many plants without using much paper should
place packets of 15 or 20 plants, arranged as we have just pointed
out, in a stove with a current of air, heated up to 50 centigrades by
a lamp placed below, and separated from the plants by a cross
partition of punctured plate.
In twelve or twenty four hours the specimens are perfectly dry. This
process, first successfully employed in Paris by M. Doyere, is most
useful in warm and damp climates, and for plants difficult to dry; it
is easily employed in scientific voyages.
Bamboo frames, found everywhere in tropical climates, replace
excellently frames and bars of iron.
There is another more speedy process which requires much less paper,
but preserves less perfectly the dried specimens. It only needs a dry
and spacious room. The flowers are placed in a simple sheet of paper
and pressed; then the sheets are spread out, for the night, on the
floor, and, when dry, pressed again. This process it not so good as
the former, and should be made use of only when there is a lack of
paper.
This is all the art of making herbals; and every intelligent traveller
knows how to suit his process to circumstances.
In damp times and regions, it is well to quicken the process of
drying. Paper perfectly dry should only be used, and changed often.
The paper should be dried in a warm oven, where bread has just been
baked.
Watery plants, such as bulbs, orchides, etc., continue green in
herbals several months after they are placed in them. It is well to
plunge them in boiling water for one minute, or, still better, to put
them in alcohol for a couple of hours; then they should be taken out
and placed between two leaves of brown paper, where it dries easily,
as the action of boiling water or alcohol has destroyed the life of
the plant.
There are plants whose leaves or flowers easily break after drying; in
such cases, all the parts should be sent separately.
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