Report on the Migration of Birds in the Autumn of 1879. [First Report]Harvie-Brown, J. A. (John Alexander)
Science
Report on the Migration of Birds in the Autumn of 1879. [First Report]
Harvie-Brown, J. A. (John Alexander)
Birds -- Migration -- Great Britain -- Periodicals
Many birds are killed at the lanterns of the more isolated lighthouses
and are blown into the sea. Thus, in 1877, at Skerryvore, in the
month of October, the number of birds killed was six hundred, chiefly
the Common and "Mountain Thrush" (Ring Ouzel), but including also
Blackbirds, Snipes, Larks, and one Wild Duck. The observer, Mr. W.
Crow, was of opinion that about two hundred more were killed and
blown into the sea. They came every night from the 1st to the 6th,
about 8 p.m., and went away at daylight. "I would estimate," he says,
"the number about the light on each of the above nights to be about a
thousand." The direction of the wind was from S.S.E. to S., with haze;
and no migration of birds was observed during the day. On Dhuheartach
lighthouse rock, "two Hawks are seen every morning" while the migration
lasts, which come to prey upon the small birds resting on the rock. A
considerable flight of migrants took place about Oct. 7th, as upon the
east coast.
The direction of the flight of migrants appears to be from east to
west at the north coast stations, but from N.W. and N.N.W. to S.W. or
S.S.W. at the stations farther south; and this is borne out by previous
observations in former years by my west coast observers at Tyree and
elsewhere. Our observers have not usually reported the direction taken
by the migrants, but there are enough data to prove the above lines.
It would appear, therefore, that birds when passing from east to west
often overshoot the land, and are compelled to turn back upon a new
course, according to the direction of the wind. In 1878, Mr. W. Boyd
(since deceased) wrote regarding the migration in Mull as follows:--"In
the month of October I was fishing on Loch Assapol, near Bunessan.
Almost every day I saw flock after flock of little birds--Larks,
Buntings, Robins, and even Wrens--flying across the loch. All these
birds were steering the same course, having apparently come from the
outlying Hebrides, _viá_ Tyree, Iona, up the Rose of Mull, and were
steering for the mainland. Fresh arrivals of different species of Ducks
rested and then passed on. Wild Swans and Geese were seen far up in
the air, all taking a bee-line for the south." On another occasion
Mr. Boyd visited Tyree in December, 1878, and both he and a companion
remarked "the extraordinary scarcity of common birds, and the unusual
number of winter visitors." One day every Snipe they put up, instead
of flying a bit and settling again, rose high in air, and went off
due south-east as far as they could see, right across the sea, to
Mull. The remark was then made, "The sooner we go south for powder and
provisions the better; we are going to have an arctic winter," which,
as is well remembered, was a perfectly correct surmise. It will thus
be seen that the flights of wildfowl almost invariably are from N. to
S. on both coasts, but that the smaller birds--land birds--as they fly
lower, are more influenced by the configuration of the coast-lines, and
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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