Ten years' digging in Egypt, 1881-1891Petrie, W. M. Flinders (William Matthew Flinders)
History
Ten years' digging in Egypt, 1881-1891
Petrie, W. M. Flinders (William Matthew Flinders)
Egypt -- Antiquities
Some later times have left their traces in this place, although the bulk
of it is purely of the twelfth dynasty. A wooden stamp of Apepi was
found, probably of the Hyksos king; and if so, the only small article
yet known of that dynasty. A small papyrus of Amenhotep III was found,
rolled up, and placed in a pottery cylinder: also a splendid ‘hunting
scarab’ of that king, recording his slaying 102 lions, which is of
brilliant and perfect blue-green glaze. A broken papyrus of Amenhotep IV
was also left here. But the main prize was a family tomb, probably of
the end of the nineteenth, or early twentieth, dynasty. A cellar cut in
the rock, belonging to one of the houses of the twelfth dynasty, had
been found at this later date, and used as a sepulchre. More than a
dozen coffins were piled in it, each containing several bodies, all the
wrappings of which were reduced to black sooty dust. I stripped for the
work, and for hours was occupied in opening coffin after coffin,
carefully searching the dust inside each, cataloguing everything as I
found it, overhauling the pottery and stone vases heaped in the
chambers, and handing everything out to the one native lad whom I took
down to help me. At last I finished the place, and came out much like a
coal-heaver or a sweep, so that I had to go to the nearest pond to wash
all over. Though none of the interments were rich, yet there were
interesting
[Illustration: 94. OBJECTS FROM MAKET TOMB. 1: 10.]
objects, and some foreign; and above all we had the whole find
completely recorded, and the positions of things noted exactly as they
had been left by the interrers. A curious point is that though the
pottery, and the decoration of one of the coffins, precludes our dating
this earlier than the end of the nineteenth dynasty, yet all the scarabs
on the bodies are of the early part of the eighteenth dynasty, down to
Tahutmes III; excepting a few of the twelfth dynasty, doubtless found,
as we found so many, in this town. That all the decorations should be
heirlooms is a strange fact. In the richest coffin, the only one
containing a name, that of the lady Maket, were two musical reeds,
carefully slipped inside a larger reed for protection; the scale shown
by their holes is the major scale. The pottery here was remarkable; not
only are there none of the styles characteristic of the eighteenth and
nineteenth dynasties, so well known at Tel el Amarna and Gurob, but the
greater part is Phoenician, and not Egyptian, in its paste and its
forms; while among it is an Aegean vase, with an ivy leaf and stalk on
each side, the earliest style of natural decoration after the period of
geometrical. Some vases of green paste here are curious, one in the form
of a horn stopped at the wide end.
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