Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 1 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 1 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
=Changes in the circulation.= The usual changes in the bloodvessels of
the inflamed part may be thus succinctly stated: 1. Contraction of the
capillary vessels of the affected part and hastening of the current of
blood through them. 2. The succeeding dilatation of the capillaries and
the slowing of the blood stream, which still flows uniformly throughout
the diseased tissue. 3. The flow of blood becomes irregular, at points
tardy, and at others oscillating or even recoiling between the pulse
beats when it has been forced into a vessel already blocked by coagulum.
4. In the still pervious vessels the red blood globules occupy the
centre of the vessel where the current is rapid, while the white
globules roll slowly along the inner surface of the walls where the
current is slow and become adherent to the walls and stationary, while
the general current rolls on. This is a direct abstraction of the white
globules from the circulating blood and greatly favors the coagulation
of the blood in the capillaries. The blood plates equally collect in the
periphery of the vessel and escape. 5. The adherent white globules
migrate in large numbers through the capillary and venous walls into the
tissues. The red globules migrate to a less extent at first. 6. Small
coagula form in the affected capillaries, forming minute red points
which cannot be pressed out by the finger. 7. The red globules in the
area of stagnation back of these capillary emboli adhere to each other
by their flat surfaces and form rolls which pack into the vessel and are
enveloped in a fibrinous clot. 8. The liquid part of the blood rapidly
exudes into the tissues leaving the red globules relatively much more
abundant in the liquid which remains inside the vessel. 9. The walls of
the capillaries become softened and allow a readier transudation of
liquor sanguineous, and escape of the globules through the walls of the
vessels. 10. The arteries leading to the inflamed part have their
muscular coats more rigid and unyielding and transmit much more blood
than the corresponding artery leading to the healthy part. 11. The heart
is equally roused to more rapid and often more forcible contractions,
which modify the pulse both in number and rhythm. 12. The circulating
blood is found to have received a great increase in the fibrine formers,
the fibrine in the shed blood amounting to 6, 8, or 10 parts per 1000 in
place of 3 parts as is normal. The contraction of this causes a
depression on the surface of the clot. 13. The red globules become
viscous and adhere together by their flat surfaces to form rolls, which
precipitate much more rapidly than single globules and leave the
coagulated blood with a straw-colored upper stratum (buffy coat). 14.
Increase of waste products, urea, uric acid, hippuric acid, etc.
Other changes in the blood are alleged, like lessening of the albumen,
as balancing the increase of fibrine, and lipæmia, but the constancy of
these in all cases of inflammation is uncertain.
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