Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
_Lesions._ _Acute_ and _rapidly fatal cases_ of swine plague furnish
lesions indicative of a hæmorrhagic septicæmia. The abundance of
petechiæ on the skin, mucosæ, serosæ, and tissues generally, with
circumscribed hæmorrhages, congestions, inflammations and exudations,
agree in the main with what is observed in the acute examples of hog
cholera. If the congestive or inflammatory lesions, concentrate in the
lungs rather than the bowels it assists in the diagnosis of swine
plague. The swelling and blood engorgement of the lymph glands are
nearly alike in the more acute types of the two diseases. The spleen is
less constantly enlarged than in hog cholera or swine erysipelas. In the
_subacute_ and _chronic forms_ the lesions may be almost entirely
confined to the enlarged and congested or hæmorrhagic lymph glands.
Usually, however, the lungs are the seat of lobular or lobar pneumonia,
affecting by preference the lower portions of the anterior and median
lobes, and sometimes also the posterior lobe. The pleuræ are often
involved, showing arborescent congestion, thickening, exudate, false
membranes and hydrothorax. The exudate may at times fill up the
interlobular connective tissue, even before the pulmonary tissue is
materially involved suggesting a local infection starting at the pleural
surface. The hepatised lobule has a general red color varying in depth
at different points, and showing lighter yellowish or grayish spots
representing the purulent air sacs and terminal bronchia, and necrotic
foci. On section the bronchia often yield pus, while the pulmonary
tissue oozes a bloody liquid rich in small lymphoid cells.
The liver and spleen may be all but normal, though in a number of cases
they may be congested and softened. The stomach and bowels may be
virtually sound, or they may show extensive congestion, petechiation and
thickening of the mucosa at different points, with, in some cases
ulcers, but these latter are mostly excavated and rarely assume the
projecting, button-like, laminated form which is so characteristic of
chronic hog cholera. Emaciation is a marked feature as in hog-cholera.
_Symptoms._ In the most acute type these may not differ from those of
similar cases of hog-cholera. If there has been any opportunity of
estimating the incubation it will be found to have been shorter, the
skin and mucosæ have a darker red blush, showing first on the ears,
breast, belly and inner sides of the thighs and forearms, the lymph
glands are enlarged, and there is cough and dyspnœa if the patient is
roused to exertion. The presence of petechiæ on the skin and of a very
high temperature (107° to 109°) is to be specially noted. There are
great prostration and dulness, complete anorexia, hiding under the
litter, indisposition to rise, often weakness, staggering, paresis or
even paraplegia, somnolence, and death in coma or convulsions.
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