Just how Canada can aspire to nationhood, while continuing to be a part
of the British Empire is a matter that causes confusion both at home and
abroad. This is because of an imperfect understanding of the evolution
of the British Empire. Critics of this relationship are led into error
through clinging to the old meaning of the word "empire." They assume
that it is used as when applied to the Roman Empire and the great
empires of the past. In these the power was centralized in one supreme
government. In the British Empire a new relationship has been evolving.
Power is being decentralized. Each of the Great Dominions is practically
self-governing while continuing to be a part of the British Empire.
There are still some matters to be adjusted regarding the
decentralization of authority, but the whole tendency is toward the
development of a league of British nations, each self-governing, but
loosely held together in a family alliance. British statesmen have
discovered, or have had it forced on their attention, that the ties of
mutual trust are stronger than the centralized power of the old empires.
They have found that the handclasp is stronger than the handcuff. The
bonds of faith and friendship bind the Empire together in the face of
danger more securely than any bonds ever devised by Imperial power.
Canada's position in the British Empire cannot be better expressed than
in the words of the late Sir Wilfrid Laurier, spoken shortly after the
outbreak of the Great War:
We are a free people, absolutely free. The charter under which we
live has put it in our power to say whether we should take part in
such a war or not. It is for the Canadian people, the Canadian
Parliament, and the Canadian Government alone to decide. This
freedom is at once the glory and honor of Britain, which granted
it, and of Canada, which used it to assist Britain. Freedom is the
keynote of all British institutions. There is no compulsion upon
those dependencies of Great Britain which have reached the stature
of Dominions, such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa,
and such Crown Dependencies as India. They are all free to take
part or not as they think best. That is the British freedom which,
much to the surprise of the world, and greatly to the dismay of the
German Emperor, German professors, and German diplomats, caused the
rush from all parts of the British Empire to assist the Mother
Country in this stupendous struggle. Freedom breeds loyalty.
Coercion always was the mother of rebellion.
At the present time the British Empire is really an evolving League of
Nations--perhaps the only one the world will see for some time.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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