A third division of the species is the Marasca cherry from which is made maraschino, a distilled liqueur much used in Europe as a drink and in Europe and America in the manufacture of maraschino cherries. The Marasca cherry is a native of the province of Dalmatia, Austria, where the trees grow wild and are now sparingly cultivated. In 1831 Host gave this form the name _Cerasus marasca_ and a year later Reichenbach described it as _Prunus marasca_. Botanists now very generally include it in the species under discussion and Schneider[7] makes it a botanical variety, _Prunus cerasus marasca_, a disposition which we believe to be the best. The Marasca cherries differ from the other cultivated forms chiefly in the greater vigor of the trees, relatively finer serrations of the leaves, longer stipules and a more compact inflorescence. The fruits are much smaller than in the common Sour Cherries, are deep red or almost black in color and have intensely red flesh and juice. The cherries are very acid with a bitter taste that gives flavor to the maraschino made from them. Besides these divisions of the species cultivated for their fruits botanists describe several botanical forms which either have no horticultural value or are cultivated exclusively as ornamentals. It is not necessary to discuss these in a pomological work. Of these botanical derivatives of _Prunus cerasus_, Schneider enumerates nine and three hybrids between this and other species.[8] [7] Schneider, C. K. _Handb. Laubh_. =1=:615. 1906. [8] Schneider, C. K. _Handb. Laubh._ =1=:1906; =2=:1912. PRUNUS AVIUM Linnaeus. 1. Linnaeus _Fl. Suec._ ed. =2=:165. 1755. _P. nigricans_. 2. Ehrhart _Beitr._ =7=:126. 1792. _P. varia_. 3. Ehrhart _l. c._ 127. 1792. _P. sylvestris_. 4. Persoon _Syn. Pl._ =2=:35. 1807. _P. dulcis_. 5. Miller ex Reichenbach _Fl. Germ. Exc._ 644. 1832. _Cerasus nigra_. 6. Miller _Gard. Dict._ ed. 8: No. 2. 1768. _C. Avium_. 7. Moench _Méth._ 672. 1794. _C. varia_. 8. Borkhausen, in Roemer _Arch._ 1., =2=:38. 1796. _C. Juliana_. 9. De Candolle _Fl. Fran._ =4=:483. 1805. _C. duracina_. 10. De Candolle _l. c._ 1805. _C. rubicunda_. 11. Bechstein _Forstb._ 160, 335. 1810. _C. intermedia_. 12. Host _Fl. Austr._ =2=:7. 1831, not Loisel. in Duham. 1812. _C. decumana_. 13. Delaunay ex Seringe, in De Candolle _Prodr._ =2=:536. 1825. _C. macrophylla_. 14. Sweet Hort. _Brit. ed._ =1=:485. 1827. _C. dulcis_. 15. Borkhausen ex Steudel _Nom. Bot._ ed. sec., =1=:331. 1840. _C. pallida_. 16. Roemer _Syn. Rosifl._ 69. 1847. _C. heterophylla_. 17. Hort. ex Koch _Dendrol._ =1=:106. 1869. _C. asplenifolia_. 18. Hort. ex Koch _l. c._ 1869. _C. salicifolia_. 19. Hort. ex Koch _l. c._ 1869, not Ser. in De Candolle. 1825. [Illustration: _PRUNUS AVIUM_ (YELLOW SPANISH)] [Illustration: _PRUNUS AVIUM_ (DOUBLE FLOWERING)]