The ancient form ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂ renders it more than probable that ⁂ is not phonetic in the later form, but that as in ⁂⁂ _kai_, originally ⁂⁂ (whence the Coptic ⲕⲟⲧ, ⲕⲱⲧⲉ, a circle, a round vessel, to go round), it is ideographic of _roundness_. This concept is certainly to be found in the word ⁂⁂⁂, the Coptic ϫⲱϫ, a head (or rather top of the head), as in the Latin _vertex_, akin to _vortex_, from the same root as _vertere_. The sign ⁂, which in later texts often appears as the determinative, has its origin in the cursive form of ⁂ carelessly written. Instead of ⁂ we also find ⁂, which is certainly not phonetic but ideographic of _enclosure_, as in the word ⁂⁂⁂⁂ a wall, _paries_, ἕρκος. This word occurs already in the Pyramid Texts under the form ⁂⁂⁂. See Pepi I, 571, which M. Maspero renders ‘la Grande _Enceinte_ d’On.’ The evident etymological relationship to the Coptic ϫⲱϫ has led some scholars to translate the Egyptian word as signifying _chiefs_, _princes_. But though the lexicons give _dux_ and _princeps_ as meanings of the Coptic word, these are but secondary applications of _head_. We have to enquire why ϫⲱϫ means _head_, or _top of the head_. And the reason is its roundness, as indicated by the ideographic signs ⁂ or ⁂. The old Egyptian word ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂ invariably implies an association of persons, and this is why in consequence of its etymology I translate it as ‘Circle of gods.’ It is synonymous (_cf._ chapter 41, note 8) with ⁂⁂⁂. 3. _The Eve’s Provender._ Later authorities read ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂, the ‘Provender of the altars,’ but this is a corruption of the ancient ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂, which had probably ceased to be intelligible. According to this pantheistic system the deceased through his identification with the Sun absorbed and consumed all that came in his way. And this is expressed in somewhat brutal style. Men and gods disappear before Unas, he makes his breakfast at dawn ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂, upon great gods, his dinner upon gods of middling quality ⁂⁂, and ‘his supper at even’ ⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂⁂ upon the minor deities, ⁂⁂. ⁂⁂ is the ancient dialectic variant of ⁂, which however is really the older form. This word which means ‘things’ has, like the Latin _res_, a wide application. It frequently means _property_, _estate_, and sometimes _suit_. 4. On the last day of the month of Choiak the great solemnity of setting up the Tat ⁂ as the symbol of Osiris was observed down to the latest periods. The tablets of Pasherenptah, high priest of Ptah at Memphis, speak of this great dignitary as the king’s second or deputy in ‘Raising the Tat.’ But Brugsch has published a picture (_Thesaurus_, V, 1190), copied by Dr. Erman from a tomb of the XVIIIth dynasty, in which Amenophis III himself helps to raise the Tat, and the queen Ti and the royal princesses take part in the ceremony. The procession is described as marching four times round the sanctuary of Ptah-Seker-Osiris. See Plate IX. 5. On Horus in the Dark, or Blindness, or Invisibility ⁂, see note, _Proc. Soc. Bibl. Arch._, June, 1886.