The Growth of Parliament and the War with Scotland (1216-1307)
History
The Growth of Parliament and the War with Scotland (1216-1307)
Great Britain -- History -- 13th century -- Sources; Great Britain. Parliament -- History -- To 1500
The King, being informed of the approach of the Barons, soon set himself
in motion with his army, and went forward to meet them with unfurled
banners, preceded by the royal ensign, which bore on it a dragon, as if
announcing itself the messenger of death. His army was divided into
three bodies; the first division was under the command of his eldest son
Edward, accompanied by William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, and John de
Warrenne, Earl of Surrey and Sussex. The second was commanded by the
King of Germany and his son Henry; whilst King Henry himself commanded
the third division. The army of the Barons was in four divisions; the
first of which was under the command of Henry de Montfort and the Earl
of Hereford; the second under Gilbert Clare, John Fitz John, and William
de Monchesnil; the third, composed of Londoners, was commanded by
Nicholas Segrave; and Earl Simon and Thomas Pelvedon led the fourth
division. Edward with his division rushed on the enemy with such
impetuosity that he forced them to retreat, many of them--report stated
the number of knights to amount to sixty--being drowned. The Londoners
were soon put to flight, and Edward, who thirsted for their blood owing
to the insult lately offered to his mother, pursued them for the
distance of four miles, and made a dreadful slaughter of them; but, by
his absence, he much weakened the King's forces. In the meantime, some
of the chiefs of the King's army, seeing the Earl's standard on the
hill, and thinking that the Earl himself was there, hastened thither
suddenly and slew the citizens of London who were shut up in the car,
not knowing that they were friendly to their cause. During all this
time, however, the Earl and Gilbert Clare were by no means idle, but
struck down and slew all who opposed them, directing their utmost
endeavours to take the King alive; and great numbers of the King's
adherents fell before them. John, Earl Warrenne, William de Valence, and
Guy de Lusignan, all uterine brothers of the King, Hugh Bigod, and about
three hundred armed knights, turned their backs and fled before the
fierce attacks of the Barons. Richard, King of Germany, Robert Bruce,
and John Comyn, who had brought a number of Scots with them, were made
prisoners. King Henry, also, after having his horse killed under him,
surrendered himself to Simon de Montfort, and was shortly afterwards
placed in the priory under a guard. Many of the Barons of Scotland were
slain on the spot on that day, and the foot-soldiers who had come with
them were slaughtered in great numbers. There were, moreover, made
prisoners, Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford; John Fitzallan, Earl of
Arundel; William Bardolf, Robert Tateshull, Roger Somerey, Henry Percy,
and Philip Basset. On the side of the King were slain the Justiciaries,
William Wilton and Fulk FitzWarren, the one falling in battle, the other
being drowned in the river. On the side of the Barons there fell Ralph
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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