The Historical Growth of the English Parish ChurchThompson, A. Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton)
History
The Historical Growth of the English Parish Church
Thompson, A. Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton)
Church architecture -- England
§ 34. It has been said that there are churches of the twelfth century
in which the tower was omitted, and a bell-cot above the western gable
took its place. Quenington in Gloucestershire, and Barton-le-Street
in the north riding of Yorkshire, are good examples. In both cases, a
north as well as a south doorway were provided to the aisleless nave,
although, at Barton-le-Street, this circumstance has been obscured
by a modern restoration. In neither case was there a western door;
and in both the north doorway, which stands on the side nearest the
village, has probably been always the main entrance. The reason of the
two doorways may have been the exigencies of processions, in which
the litany was sung, and the altars of the church sprinkled with
holy water. Such processions took place, at any rate in the greater
churches, every Sunday, and in monastic churches were partly external,
to include the buildings of the cloister. In smaller churches,
however, external processions would be of rare occurrence, and two
doorways would hardly be provided for this reason alone. As a rule,
the ordinary entrance would lie on the side of the church nearest the
approach from the village, which was generally on the south. But this
is not invariable; and the favourite entrance, even where a village lay
to the north of the church, was on the south side. There are sometimes
signs that one of the doorways may have been appropriated traditionally
to the use of the tenants of one of the manors in a parish, or to
the parishioners of a chapelry who were bound to attend the mother
church on certain feasts in the year. Thus at Barton-le-Street, the
south doorway, lying on the side of the church towards the hamlet
of Coneysthorpe, is called the Coneysthorpe doorway. At Easingwold,
in Yorkshire, the north doorway is called the Raskelf door, and was
doubtless used by the inhabitants of the chapelry of Raskelf on these
special occasions. At Hungerton, near Leicester, the tenants of each
of the four manors in the parish still occupy their own quarter of the
nave; and at Churchdown, near Gloucester, the names of the various
chapelries of the medieval parish are still applied to divisions of
the churchyard. In cases like this, the doorway nearest to the part
of the church appropriated to one or more of these separate bodies of
parishioners would naturally be used as well as the main doorway.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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