There is a curious fact in connection with the tails of these two
animals. Both are almost naked of hair, and covered with "scales," and
both are flat. The tail of the beaver, and the uses it makes of this
appendage, are things known to every one. Every one has read of its
trowel-shape and use, its great breadth, thickness, and weight, and its
resemblance to a cricket-bat. The tail of the muskrat is also naked,
covered with scales, and compressed or flattened; but instead of being
horizontally so, as with the beaver, it is the reverse; and the thin
edges are in a vertical plane. The tail of the former, moreover, is not
of the trowel-shape, but tapers like that of the common rat. Indeed,
its resemblance to the house-rat is so great as to render it a somewhat
disagreeable object to look upon.
Tail and all, the muskrat is about twenty inches in length; and its body
is about half as big as that of a beaver. It possesses a strange power
of contracting its body, so as to make it appear about half its natural
size, and to enable it to pass through a chink that animals of much
smaller dimensions could not enter.
Its colour is reddish-brown above, and light-ash underneath. There are
eccentricities, however, in this respect. Specimens have been found
quite black, as also mixed and pure white. The fur is a soft, thick
down, resembling that of the beaver, but not quite so fine. There are
long rigid hairs, red-coloured, that overtop the fur; and these are also
sparely scattered over the tail.
The habits of the muskrat are singular--perhaps not less so than those
of his "cousin" the beaver, when you strip the history of the latter of
its many exaggerations. Indeed the former animal, in the domesticated
state, exhibits much greater intelligence than the latter.
Like the beaver, it is a water animal, and is only found where water
exists; never among the dry hills. Its "range" extends over the whole
continent of North America, wherever "grass grows and water runs." It
is most probable it is an inhabitant of the Southern Continent, but the
natural history of that country is still but half told.
Unlike the beaver, the race of the muskrat is not likely soon to become
extinct. The beaver is now found in America, only in the remotest parts
of the uninhabited wilderness. Although formerly an inhabitant of the
Atlantic States, his presence there is now unknown; or, if occasionally
met with, it is no longer in the beaver dam, with its cluster of social
domes, but only as a solitary creature, a "terrier beaver,"
ill-featured, shaggy in coat, and stunted in growth.
The muskrat, on the contrary, still frequents the settlements. There is
hardly a creek, pond, or watercourse, without one or more families
having an abode upon its banks. Part of the year the muskrat is a
social animal; at other seasons it is solitary. The male differs but
little from the female, though he is somewhat larger, and better furred.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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