The Professor brought to light the fact that as early as 1792 Oliver Wolcott, then Comptroller of the Treasury in Philadelphia, wrote the geographer Jedidiah Morse, that he had been informed on good authority that the book was written under very inauspicious circumstances; adding that Carver was an ignorant man, incapable of writing such a work, and that there was reason to believe it to be a compilation from other authors.[26] Next, he cited contemporaneous but entirely independent criticisms by Schoolcraft in 1823,[27] and by Keating in 1824,[28] both of whom assert that the author of the _Travels_ drew considerably from Lahontan. In addition, Schoolcraft declared that material was also derived from Charlevoix’s _Travels_. More detailed and more positive still, were the assertions of Greenhow, the historian of Oregon, that the second part of Carver’s _Travels_ was a compilation from Charlevoix, Hennepin, and Lahontan.[29] Greenhow was familiar with Keating’s views, but apparently not with Schoolcraft’s, whose _Memoirs_ were published in 1851, or with Wolcott’s, whose letter first saw light in 1846. These early criticisms appear to have escaped the notice of later writers who have written upon Carver’s _Travels_, for neither Moses Coit Tyler, in his _History of American Literature_, nor the authors of the articles on Carver in the various cyclopædias, breathe any suspicion as to the authenticity of the work. In the second part of his paper, Professor Bourne gave the results of his attempt to test the correctness of the assertions of Wolcott, Schoolcraft, Keating, and Greenhow. He cited a few passages showing how the author of the _Travels_, whoever he might be, drew from books information which a genuine traveller would not think of going to books for. For example, the description of the personal appearance of the Indians was taken from Lahontan; of their keenness in detecting a trail, from Charlevoix; of their game of lacrosse partly from Charlevoix and partly from Adair’s _History of the American Indians_. The description of the Indian sled (or toboggan), with which the real Carver must have been perfectly familiar, is taken word for word from Charlevoix. Again, the real Carver must have many times seen Indians scalp prisoners, for he was a veteran of the French and Indian War, and one of the survivors of the Fort William Henry massacre; but notwithstanding such presumable personal observation, the author of Carver’s _Travels_ borrows word for word Adair’s account of the process of scalping. The accounts of the animals are largely from Charlevoix. “The short vocabulary of the Chippeway Language” is almost entirely taken from Lahontan’s “Dictionary of the Algonkin Language.” Some of the changes are pure blunders of hasty transcription, which one familiar with the language, as Carver pretended to be, could not have made; as, for example, where Carver gives _Sheshikwee_ for “dart,” when Lahontan gives it as the name of a