=Bancroft, George= (1800-1891). Educated at Harvard University, Cambridge, and in Germany. Secretary of the navy, 1845; ambassador to Great Britain, 1846-1849; and in 1867-1874 minister at the court of Berlin. =Index=: =L= On La Salle, 153. =Ch= On the difficulties encountered by missionaries, 87. =Bib.=: _History of the United States_. For biog., _see_ Howe, _Life and Letters of George Bancroft; Cyc. Am. Biog._ =Bank of Upper Canada.= Established 1823 with a capital of $41,364, which had increased in 1859 to $3,126,250. Its headquarters were in Toronto. After a long, prosperous career the bank stopped payment in 1866, the chief cause being the collapse in real estate in Canada West in 1857-1858. =Index=: =Mc= Increase of capital vetoed, 215; run on, 340. =Bib.=: _See_ Banking. =Banking.= The first bank established in Canada was the Bank of Montreal, which dates from the year 1817. The Bank of Quebec was established in 1818; and the Bank of Canada the same year. All three were chartered in 1822. A Banking Act was passed in 1841, providing a uniform system of banking. The Act of 1850 prohibited banks other than those incorporated by Parliament or royal charter from issuing notes. It also provided for a deposit with the government to be held as a guarantee; also for bank statistics. Further provisions designed to place banking on a more secure footing were incorporated in the Act of 1871. Further banking legislation was passed in 1881 and in 1890. =Index=: =Sy= Sydenham's plans for establishment of bank of issue, 327-329; idea partially adopted by Sir F. Hincks, as finance minister of Dominion, 330. =Mc= Report of House on system of, 161. =Bib.=: Johnson, _First Things in Canada_; Shortt, _Early History of Canadian Banking_; Breckenridge, _Canadian Banking System_; Hague, _Banking and Commerce; Historical Sketch of Canadian Banking, in Canada: An Ency._, vol. 1; _History of the Bank of Nova Scotia_; McLachlan, _The Nova Scotia Treasury Notes_; Walker, _History of Banking in Canada_. =Banner.= Newspaper, published at Toronto. =Index=: =B= Founded in 1843 by Peter and George Brown, 3, 5; champions government by the people, 5; on disruption of Scottish Church, 6; controversy with the _Church_, 6-7; defines its political principles, 9; becomes the _Globe_, 10; Peter Brown writes for, 243.