Great Britain -- Civilization -- Scandinavian influences; Great Britain -- History -- To 1066; Northmen -- Great Britain
It seemed that all would have gone well in Norway with King Hakon the
Good after King Eric Bloodaxe left the country, but that he had it
in his mind to make the people Christians whether they would or no.
Hitherto they had sacrificed to Odin, or Woden, who gives his name
to our Wednesday--_i.e._ Woden’s Day; and they had other gods and
goddesses, such as Thor, the God of Thunder, from whom we get the name
Thursday, or Thor’s Day, and Freya, a goddess, who gives her name to
our Friday. They had many special festivals, but the chief of all
was Yule, in mid-winter, when the Yule log was brought in from the
forests and burned with great rejoicings, and cattle and horses were
slaughtered in sacrifice, and their blood sprinkled on the altars and
temple walls, and on the people besides. A large fire was kindled
in the middle of the temple floor, on which the flesh was roasted,
and full goblets were handed across the fire, after being blessed by
the chiefs. Odin’s goblet was first emptied for victory and power to
the king, and afterwards Freya’s goblet for peace and a good season,
and after that the “remembrance-goblet” was emptied to the memory
of departed friends. It was a time of great joy and festivity. In
Scotland and other places the night of mid-winter is still called
Hogmanay night, that is, the Norse “Höggn-nott,” or slaughter night,
from the hogging or hewing down of the cattle for sacrifice, and many
Hogmanay songs are still sung in this country.
The first thing King Hakon did was to order that the festival of Yule
should begin at the same time as Christmas did in Christian lands, as
is the case at this day; and this displeased the people, for they did
not like to change the day on which they and their forefathers had held
their feast. Then Hakon sent for a bishop and priests from England to
instruct the people in Christianity. Hitherto there had been no priests
in Norway, but every man was priest in his own house; and the chief man
of each place conducted the sacrifices for his neighbours. The people
were against giving up their own religion and adopting a religion which
they did not understand and which was foreign to them; but because
they loved their King they at first made no outcry, but deferred
consideration of the matter to the meeting of the chief “Thing,”[21]
which they called the “Froste Thing,” where men from every part of the
country would be present. When the “Froste Thing” met, both they and
the King made speeches, and Earl Sigurd begged the King not to press
the matter, as it was plain the people were against it; and at first he
seemed to consent to this. But the next harvest, which was the time of
the summer sacrifice, the nobles watched the King closely to see what
he would do. Earl Sigurd, who was a staunch pagan, made the feast,
and the King came to it. When the Odin goblet was filled, Earl Sigurd
blessed it in Odin’s name, and drank to the King, and then he handed
the goblet to the King to drink.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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