The Popular Science Monthly, August, 1900: Vol. 57, May, 1900 to October, 1900Various
Science
The Popular Science Monthly, August, 1900: Vol. 57, May, 1900 to October, 1900
Various
Science -- Periodicals; Technology -- Periodicals
There is still here and there some confusion both as to the boundaries
of the constellations and as to the names of a few of the stars in
them. I have already remarked that, in drawing the imaginary boundaries
on a star map, as representing the celestial sphere, different
astronomers have placed the lines differently. One of the regions in
which this is especially true is in the neighborhood of the north pole,
where some astronomers place stars in the constellation Cepheus which
others place in Ursa Minor. Hence in the Bayer system the same star may
have different names in different catalogues. Again, in extending the
names or numbers, some astronomers use names which others do not regard
as authoritative. The remapping of the southern constellation by Dr.
Gould changed the boundaries of most of the southern constellations in
a way already mentioned.
I have spoken of the subdivision of the great constellation _Argus_
into four separate ones. Bayer having assigned to the principal
stars in this constellation the Greek letters α, β, γ, etc., the
general practice among astronomers since the subdivision has been to
continue the designation of the stars thus marked as belonging to the
constellation _Argo_. Thus, for example, we have _Argus_, which after
the subdivision belonged to the constellation _Carina_. The variable
star η Argus also belongs to the constellation _Carina_. But in the
case of stars not marked by Bayer, the names were assigned according to
the subdivided constellations, _Vela_, _Carina_, etc. Confusing though
this proceeding may appear to be, it is not productive of serious
trouble. The main point is that the same star should always have the
same name in successive catalogues. Still, however, it has recently
become quite common to ignore the constellation _Argus_ altogether and
use only the names of its subdivisions. The reader must therefore be
on his guard against any mistake arising in this way in the study of
astronomical literature.
In star catalogues the position of a star in the heavens is sometimes
given in connection with its name. In this case the confusion arising
from the same star having different names may be avoided, since a
star can always be identified by its right ascension and declination.
The fact is that, so far as mere identification is concerned,
nothing but the statement of a star’s position is really necessary.
Unfortunately, the position constantly changes through the precession
of the equinoxes, so that this designation of a star is a variable
quantity. Hence the special names which we have described are the most
convenient to use in the case of well-known stars. In other cases a
star is designated by its number in some well-known catalogue. But even
here different astronomers choose different catalogues, so that there
are still different designations for the same star. The case is one in
which action of uniformity of practice is unattainable.
CATALOGUING AND NUMBERING THE STARS.
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