American essays -- 20th century; Literature -- History and criticism
For Smollett, alliteration was almost a necessity when it came to
heroes: Roderick Random, Peregrine Pickle, Ferdinand Fathom. In this
and other artifices he outdid his age in general, for he had high
spirits and he did not fret over little realisms. His sailors, Tom
Bowling, Oakum, Jack Rattlin, Tommy Clewline, Lieutenant Hatchway,
Pipes, and Commodore Hawser Trunnion, are sailors, that and nothing
more. Roger Potion is a druggist, Comfit Colocynth a doctor, Obadiah
Goosecap a Quaker, Captain Weazel a coward, Sir Giles Squirrel and Sir
Timothy Thicket country gentlemen, Timothy Crabshaw, Dolly Cowslip, and
Hodge Dolt, children of the greenest fields. Unsuccessful playwright
that he was, Smollett could call an actor Mr. Bellower and a manager
Mr. Vandal with a clear conscience and doubtless with some delight. He
named a gentleman commoner of Christ Church Mr. George Prankley and he
put the smack of Cambria in Cadwallader Crabtree, deaf and caustic.
After Smollett, whom Sterne called Smelfungus, there were many to
practise the punning trick, which lasted, even after Jane Austen,
whose names are nature itself, into Scott, who is a world of many
natures. History kept him close to fact with a large part of his
characters, but he could invent names, when he liked, as rich and
varied as his plots. He was most fantastic, perhaps, with his
clergymen: witness John Halftext the curate, canny Peter Poundtext,
and the Episcopalian Mr. Cuffcushion; witness the two Presbyterian
Nehemiahs, surnamed Solsgrace and Holdenough; witness martyred Richard
Rumbleberry, covenanting Gabriel Kettledrummle, and the most violent
Habakkuk Mucklewrath. Pedants, too, are broadly named in Scott, even
to the extent of Jonathan Oldbuck, Jedidiah Cleishbotham, Cuthbert
Clutterbuck, Chrystal Croftangry, and Dryasdust, who has fathered a
tribe. With some others, besides parsons, the calling gives the titles,
as in Tom Alibi the lawyer, Raredrench the druggist, Saddletree, who
sells harness, and Timothy Thimblewaite, tailor. Such names are for
the sake of comedy, and comedy, with Scott, generally plays with
humble life. But he had names for the virtuous poor as well: Caleb
Balderstone, David Deans, Dandy Dinmont, and on through the alphabet.
Where Scott was best, however, seems to have been at naming those
gentlemen and ladies who bring chivalry to his books. What certain
signs of birth in the bare surnames Waverley, Redgauntlet, Glendenning,
Mannering, Osbaldistone! Could Diana Vernon have changed names with
Alice Lambskin, or Lucy Ashton with Meg Dods, or Rose Bradwardine with
devoted Phoebe Mayflower even? Cosmo Conyne Bradwardine has not the
same savour as Saunders Broadfoot; Quentin Durward is not of a rank
with Giles Gosling. Scott could and did devise fit syllables for every
order and station of life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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