1. The inquiring liveliness of Captain’s ears and the freedom
with which Mr. Sigsbee employs verbal directions when the horse
is tired and inattentive suggests the possibility that this
animal may receive auditory cues that are given involuntarily by
his master. It is not only conceivable but even likely that
Captain is sensitive to changes in his master’s respiratory
sounds. A spasmodic inspiration, a faint sigh or a sudden
quickening of respiration might easily serve as cues for
Captain. One need only translate Rendlich’s and Pfungst’s
explanation of Hans’ behavior from visual into auditory terms to
arrive at a fairly satisfying guess as to how it is possible for
Captain to perform his wonderful feats.
2. My observations, although incomplete and inconclusive in many
respects, have convinced me that Captain can give correct
answers in entire independence of directive visual stimuli.
There was no trickery about his blindfold: Captain wore a
leather mask which so well excluded the light that he had to be
led from place to place on the stage. Even when he was not
blindfolded, and seemed to be keen to understand and to obey
them correctly, he attended only with his ears.
3. I am convinced that Mr. Sigsbee is sincere in his belief that
Captain is capable of abstract thought, and that he resorts to
no trickery in his public performances. It is also gratifying to
know that he is of the hard-headed type to whom a scientifically
established explanation would be acceptable, even though it
might run counter to his own presuppositions. If it proves to be
the case that his horse is accessible to stimuli to which human
ears are obtuse, and that master as well as public has been
literally “taken in” by horse-cleverness the humorous aspect of
the situation will appeal to him. From a purely commercial
standpoint he need have no fear as to the “show” value of a
horse which can beat a crafty old trainer at his own game by
training the master to give such exquisitely delicate cues that
the master himself is not aware of giving them. It is not
surprising that Mr. Sigsbee had to fall back upon telepathic
explanations.
CAPTAIN’S PRAYER OF THANKSGIVING
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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