“8. JUSTICE.--Wrong none by doing injuries or omitting the
benefits that are your duty.
“9. MODERATION.--Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so
much as you think they deserve.
“10. CLEANLINESS.--Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes,
or habitation.
“11. TRANQUILLITY.--Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents
common or unavoidable.
“12. CHASTITY.--Rarely use venery but for health or offspring,
never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or
another’s peace or reputation.
“13. HUMILITY.--Imitate Jesus and Socrates.”
He thought that he could gradually acquire the habit of keeping all
these virtues, and instead of attempting the whole at once, he fixed his
attention on one at a time, and when he thought he was master of that,
proceeded to the next, and so on. He had arranged them in the order he
thought would most facilitate their gradual acquisition, beginning with
temperance and proceeding to silence; for the mastery of those which
were easiest would help him to attain the more difficult. He has,
therefore, left us at liberty to judge which were his most persistent
sins.
He had a little book with a page for each virtue, and columns arranged
for the days of the week, so that he could give himself marks for
failure or success. He began by devoting a week to each virtue, by which
arrangement he could go through the complete course in thirteen weeks,
or four courses in a year.
His intense moral earnestness and introspection were doubtless inherited
from his New England origin. But when he was in the midst of all this
creed- and code-making, he records of himself:
“That hard to be governed passion of youth had hurried me
frequently into intrigues with low women that fell in my way,
which were attended with some expense and great inconvenience,
besides a continual risk to my health by a distemper, which of
all things I dreaded, though by great good luck I escaped it.”
His biographer, Parton, reminds us that his liturgy has no prayer
against this vice, and that about a year after the date of the liturgy
his illegitimate son William was born. The biographer then goes on to
say that Franklin was “too sincere and logical a man to go before his
God and ask assistance against a fault which he had not fully resolved
to overcome.” There is, however, a prayer in the liturgy against
lasciviousness. He had not yet paid Mr. Vernon the money he had
embezzled, although he was the author of a prayer asking to be delivered
from deceit and fraud, and another against unfaithfulness in trust.[10]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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