RESOLVED, by this World Court Congress that the next Hague Conference be urged in the interest of peace, to provide as a penalty for the infraction of its conventions or for a refusal to submit all justiciable issues to arbitration, that an embargo shall be declared against the offending nations by the other signatory nations, as follows: 1—Forbidding an offending nation from buying or selling within their territory or territory under their control. 2—Forbidding an offending nation from raising money through the sale of bonds, or of any other forms of debt, within their territory or territory under their control. Be it further RESOLVED that the President and officers of this World Court Congress be instructed to take all possible and proper means to secure the adoption by the next Hague Conference of this proposal to apply the economic pressure of commerce as the most efficient, humane and civilized means of insuring the world’s peace by making the proposed World Court effective. ADVANTAGES OVER INTERNATIONAL POLICE FORCE One of the great advantages of economic pressure is that it can be applied from within, rather than from without. You will recall that Mr. Marburg, in his very interesting address yesterday, spoke of the question that has arisen in many minds as to whether military force should be put behind a World Court. As you know there has been a standing proposal for an international police force. Colonel Roosevelt has often urged the necessity for such a force with his wonted vigor. But after all isn’t this proposal, stripped, likely to turn out to be merely militarism masquerading under another name? The fighting armies abroad are composites from different countries, an actual and destructive international police force in operation right now. No gentle euphemism can disguise the grim front of Mars. Unless an international police force is subjected to the most drastic control and used under the most compelling limitations it is in danger of provoking the very war it is organized to avoid. War breeds war, as all history shows. The epigram of David Starr Jordan in a speech at the Economic Club in New York a few weeks ago, envisaged a fact, for it is true, as he said, that “when every one is loaded, some one is going to explode.” I will admit that an international police force may serve some good purpose as an international sheriff to aid in carrying forward the due and orderly processes of a World Court. But when it comes to enforcing the decrees of such a Court, I would set over against an international police force, as being incomparably more powerful and of incomparably greater ease in use, the compelling and world-wide force of commerce. Economic pressure touches the war chest of every country. Instead of fighting with bullets let us fight with the money and credit that must be behind bullets. And the world can fight in that way to protect the civilization that has