[79] Phil. iii. 16. [80] 1 Cor. xiii. 3. [81] Eph. iv. 3. [82] Traditores sanctorum librorum. [83] Ex. xxxii. [84] Jer. xxxvi. [85] Num. xvi. [86] Non convicti sed conficti traditores. [87] Rom. xiv. 4. [88] Ps. lviii. 1; though slightly varied from the LXX.: si vere justitiam diligitis; for [Greek: ei alêthôs ara dikaiosynên laleite] [89] John vii. 24. [90] Matt. vii. 15. [91] 1 Cor. xiv. 29, 30. [92] Cypr. _Ep._ lxxi. [93] The former Council of Carthage was held by Agrippinus early in the third century, the ordinary date given being 215 A.D. [94] Tanquam lectulo auctoritatis. [95] Cypr. _Ep._ lxxi. [96] The general Council, on whose authority Augustine relies in many places in this work, was either that of Arles, in 314 A.D., or of Nicæa, in 325 A.D., both of them being before his birth, in 354 A.D. He quotes the decision of the same council, _contra Parmenianum_, ii. 13, 30; _de Hoeresibus_, 69; _Ep._ xliii. 7, 19. Migne brings forward the following passages in favour of its being the Council of Arles to which Augustine refers, since in them he ascribes the decision of the controversy to "the authority of the whole world." _Contra Parmenianum_, iii. 4, 21: "They condemned," he says, "some few in Africa, by whom they were in turn vanquished by the judgment of the whole world;" and he adds, that "the Catholics trusted ecclesiastical judges like these in preference to the defeated parties in the suit." _Ib._ 6, 30: He says that the Donatists, "having made a schism in the unity of the Church, were refuted, not by the authority of 310 African bishops, but by that of the whole world." And in the sixth chapter of the first book of the same treatise, he says that the Donatists, after the decision at Arles, came again to Constantine, and there were defeated "by a final decision," _i.e._ at Milan, as is seen from _Ep._ xliii. 7, 20, in the year 316 A.D. [97] See above, ch. ii. 3. [98] See above, ch. ii. 3. [99] Rom. xiv. 4. [100] Wisd. xii. 10. [101] Ps. ciii. 8. "And truth" is not found in the A. V., nor in the Roman version of the LXX. The Alexandrian MS. adds [Greek: kai alêtheinos]. [102] Ezek. xxiii. 11. [103] 2 Tim. iv. 2. [104] John xii. 43. [105] He is alluding to that chief schism among the Donatists, which occurred when Maximianus was consecrated bishop of Carthage, in opposition to Primianus, 394 A.D. [106] Optatus, a Donatist bishop of Thaumugade in Numidia, was called Gildonianus from his adherence to Gildo, Count of Africa, and generalissimo of the province under the elder Theodosius. On his death, in 395 A.D., Gildo usurped supreme authority, and by his aid Optatus was enabled to oppress the Catholics in the province, till, in 398 A.D., Gildo was defeated by his brother Maxezel, and destroyed himself, and Optatus was put in prison, where he died soon afterwards. He is not to be confounded with Optatus, Bishop of Milevis, the strenuous opponent of the Donatists.