“‘Lye still,’ she cryed, ‘O mantle! And shame me not for naught, I’ll freely own whate’er amiss Or blameful I have wrought. “‘Once I kist Sir Cradocke Beneathe the greenwood tree: Once I kist Sir Cradocke’s mouth Before he married me.’ “When thus she had her shriven, And her worst fault had told, The mantle soon became her Right comely as it shold. “Most rich and fair of colour Like gold it glittering shone; And much the knights in Arthur’s court Admir’d her every one.” I do not hold that this story belongs to Carlisle, but to Caerleon or to Callington. This last place was one of the three royal cities of Britain, of which Caerleon was the second, says a Welsh triad, and the third I cannot identify. At one of these three Arthur was wont to celebrate the high festivals of Christmas, Easter, and Whitsuntide. Caradoc Freichfras, the Sir Cradock of the ballad, was chieftain in Gelliwig, or the region of which Callington was capital, and Bedwin was the bishop there. I suspect this is a mistake for Berwin Bishop, who was commemorated in Cornwall on the 4th September. It was here that Gwenever held court when insulted by Modred, Arthur’s nephew, during the king’s absence in Brittany, when he dragged her with contumely from her throne and drove her from the palace. The fatal battle of Camalon was fought to avenge this insult. The region of Gelli, which gives its name to or derives its name from Brown Willy and Brown Gelli, two tors in the upland metalliferous district, was valuable because of the abundance of stream-tin and of gold that was found there. Callington is a corruption of Gellewick-ton. Caradoc Freichfras, that is to say Strong-i’-th’-Arm was son of Llyr Merini, a Cornish prince, and his wife Gwen, who was a granddaughter of Brychan of Brecknock. According to a saying attributed to Arthur himself, he was styled “the pillar of the Cymry.” His prowess in the great battle of Cattraeth against the Saxons is commemorated by the contemporary poet Aneurin, who is the same as the sour Gildas, historian of the Britons:-- “When Caradoc rushed into the battle It was like the tearing onset of the woodland boar, The bull of combat in the field of slaughter, He attracted the wild dogs by the motion of his hand. My witnesses are Owen ap Eulat And Gwrien, and Gwynn and Gwriat. From Cattraeth and its carnage, From the battle encounter, After the clear bright mead was served, He saw no more the dwelling of his father.” Aneurin represents Caradoc as having fallen in this battle. It is possible that Caradon may take its name from him, and that it may have been Dun Caradock.