Children play. _All_ children _are_ playful. (A) Some men cheat. Some men _are persons who_ cheat. (I) Here it is noted that the logical form of some propositions is not always the most forceful. Often the logical form gives an awkward construction and should be resorted to only for purposes of logical argument. The reduction of either kind to the logical form must be determined by the meaning of the proposition. As a usual thing the indefinite is _universal_ (either an A or an E) in meaning, while the problem of the elliptical is to give it in terms of the _copula_, expressed with as little awkwardness as possible. General truths, because attended with no quantity sign, might be classed as indefinite propositions, though their universality is so apparent that they may be unhesitatingly classed as universals. ILLUSTRATIONS: “Things equal to the same thing are equal to each other.” “Trees grow in direct opposition to gravity.” “Honesty is the best policy.” “A stitch in time saves nine.” Because the indefinite proposition is so frequently of a general nature, it is sometimes classed as _general_ rather than _indefinite_. Sir William Hamilton would class the indefinite as an _indesignate proposition_. (2) Grammatical Sentences. The grammarian divides sentences into five kinds; namely, declarative, interrogative, imperative, optative, exclamatory. But logic recognizes only the declarative, as it has already been seen that the four logical types are declarative in nature. A logical proposition, then, is always a sentence, but all sentences are not logical propositions. The four kinds of sentences which are not logical propositions may be usually reduced to one of the four types as the attending illustrations will indicate: _Illogical_ _Logical_ Interrogative. Do men have The question is asked, Do men have the power of reason? the power of reason?[7] (A) Imperative. “Thou shalt not All men are commanded not to steal.” steal, or you are one who should not steal. (E) Optative. “I would I had a I am one who desires a million million.” dollars. (A) Exclamatory. “Oh, how you You are one who frightened me. (A) frightened me!” (3) Individual Propositions. _An individual proposition is one which has a singular subject_; e. g., _Abraham Lincoln_ was an honest man. _Peter the Great_ was Russia’s greatest ruler. _The maple tree in my yard_ is dying of old age. These propositions, having a singular term as subject, are individual or singular in nature. As the predicate refers to the whole of the logical subject, individual propositions are classed as _universal_. (4) Plurative Propositions.