First, if it were true that selection of an individual of a certain kind determines that new variations in the same direction occur as a consequence of the selection, then selection would certainly be creative. How this could occur might be quite unintelligible, but of course it might be claimed that the point is not whether we can explain how creation takes place, but whether we can get verifiable evidence that such a kind of thing happens. This possibility is disposed of by the fact that there is no evidence that selection determines the direction in which variation occurs. Second, if you mean by a creative process that by picking out a certain kind of individual and multiplying its numbers a better chance is furnished that a certain end result will be obtained, such a process may be said to be creative. This is, I think, the proper use of the term creative in a mechanistic sense. CONCLUSIONS In reviewing the evidence relating to selection I have tried to handle the problem as objectively as I could. The evidence shows clearly that the characters of wild animals and plants, as well as those of domesticated races, are inherited both in the wild and in the domesticated forms according to Mendel's Law. The causes of the mutations that give rise to new characters we do not know, although we have no reason for supposing that they are due to other than natural processes. Evolution has taken place by the incorporation into the race of those mutations that are beneficial to the life and reproduction of the organism. Natural selection as here defined means both the increase in the number of individuals that results after a beneficial mutation has occurred (owing to the ability of living matter to propagate) and also that this preponderance of certain kinds of individuals in a population makes some further results more probable than others. More than this, natural selection can not mean, if factors are fixed and are not changed by selection. * * * * * INDEX Abnormal abdomen 109 Abraxas 78-81 Allantois 17 Allelomorphs 83-84 Altenburg 112 Amnion 16-17 Andalusian fowl 45, 46 Annelids 22 Antlered wing 111 Apterous wing 11 Arc wing 111 Aristae 104 Bar eye 67, 108, 169 Bateson 18, 34, 36 Beaded wing 11, 115 Beans 147-149, 157 Belgian hare 171 Bent wing 116 Bergson 30, 31 Bildungstrieb 34 Biogenetic law 15, 18, 19, 21 Biometricians 156 Bird 21, 23 Bithorax 65, 112, 113 Black body color 111, 133 Blakeslee 152 Bridges 114, 143, 163 British Association 36 Brünn 40 Buff eye color 109 Bufon 27