=Rhode Island.= 41N. 71W. One of the 13 original states. This and the coast between Boston and New York is supposed to be the Vinland of the saga of 'Eric the Red,' who undertook an expedition to these parts at the close of the 10th century. Verazzani in Narragansett Bay, 1524; explored by Dutch navigator Block, 1614; first settlement (Providence) under Roger Williams, 1636; colony settled by W. Coddington, 1638; other settlements, 1643; charter granted to by Charles II., 1663; burning and massacre on during war with Indian king, Philip, 1676; fighting on during W. of Ind. (See Cooper, 'Puritans of America.') =Richelieu= (Chambly, St. John), river, Quebec. 45N. 73W. Navigated by Champlain, 1609. =Richmond=, Virginia. 37N. 77W. Battles on the banks of the Chickahominy known as the Seven Days of Richmond, June 1862; town besieged, and evacuated by Confederates, 1865 (Civil W.). =Ridgefield=, Conn. 41N.73W. Bp. S. G. Goodrich (Peter Parley) (1793-1860). =Riobamba= (or Bolivar), Ecuador. 1S. 77W. Indians defeated on plains of by Benalcazar, one of Pizarro's cavaliers, 1534. =Rio de Janeiro=, Brazil. 22S. 43W. Solis in bay of, 1515; Magalhaes, 1519; De Sousa, 1531; Huguenot settlement on under Villegagnon, 1555, which was soon after suppressed by the Portuguese, who f. R. de J., 1567; viceregal residence from 1763; became capital of the independent empire of Brazil, 1822, and of the Republic of the U.S. of Brazil, 1889. =Rio Hacha=, Colombia. 11N. 72W. Hawkin trading at in negroes, 1565, 1568; burnt by Drake, 1595. =Rio Negro=, Argentine Republic. 40S. 61W. (See Darwin, 'Voyage of Beagle.') =Roanoke=, island, N. Carolina. 35N. 75W. Discovered by expedition under Barlow and Amadas, sent by Raleigh, 1584; colony left on by Grenville under Ralph Lane, 1585; rescued by Drake, 1586; small colony left by Grenville, 1586, which perished; larger band of colonists under John White sent by Raleigh, 1587; captured by Federals, 1862 (Civil W.). Bp. Virginia Dare, first English child born in the New World, 1587. =Roanoke=, river, N.A. 35 and 36N. 76 and 78W. Explored by Christopher Gist, 1750-1. =Rocky Mountains=, N.A. Alexander Mackenzie the first European to cross, 1793. =Roslyn=, Long Island. 40N. 73W. 'Cedar-Mere,' the home and burial-place of Bryant the poet (1794-1878). =Roxbury=, Mass. 42N. 71W. John Eliot, apostle to the Indians, and translator of the Bible into the Indian language, minister at, 1632-46, when he began his missionary labours; here he died, 1690. =Sabine Cross Roads=, Louisiana. 31N. 93W. Confederate victory, 1864 (Civil W.). =Sable Island=, Nova Scotia. 43N. 60W. Colony planted by Roberval, who sailed up the St. Lawrence, 1542-3. =Saccarappa=, Westbrook, Maine. 43N. 70W. Bp. B. P. Akers, sculptor (1825-61). (See Hawthorne's 'Transformation.') =Saguenay=, Quebec. 48N. 69W. Cartier off coast of, 1535. =S. Antonio=, Cape, Cuba. 21N. 84W. John Hawkins off, 1564.