A Literary History of the ArabsNicholson, Reynold Alleyne
History
A Literary History of the Arabs
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
Arabic literature -- History and criticism
On this day the Banú Bakr gained a great victory, and broke the power of
Taghlib. It was the last battle of note in the Forty Years' War, which
was carried on, by raiding and plundering, until the exhaustion of both
tribes and the influence of King Mundhir III of Ḥíra brought it to an
end.
[Sidenote: The War of Dáḥis and Ghabrá.]
Not many years after the conclusion of peace between Bakr and Taghlib,
another war, hardly less famous in tradition than the War of Basús,
broke out in Central Arabia. The combatants were the tribes of ‘Abs and
Dhubyán, the principal stocks of the Banú Ghaṭafán, and the occasion
of their coming to blows is related as follows:--
Qays, son of Zuhayr, was chieftain of ‘Abs. He had a horse called
Dáḥis, renowned for its speed, which he matched against Ghabrá, a
mare belonging to Ḥudhayfa b. Badr, the chief of Dhubyán. It was
agreed that the course should be a hundred bow-shots in length, and
that the victor should receive a hundred camels. When the race began
Ghabrá took the lead, but as they left the firm ground and entered
upon the sand, where the 'going' was heavy, Dáḥis gradually drew
level and passed his antagonist. He was nearing the goal when some
Dhubyánites sprang from an ambuscade prepared beforehand, and drove
him out of his course, thus enabling Ghabrá to defeat him. On being
informed of this foul play Qays naturally claimed that he had won
the wager, but the men of Dhubyán refused to pay even a single
camel. Bitterly resenting their treachery, he waylaid and slew one
of Ḥudhayfa's brothers. Ḥudhayfa sought vengeance, and the
murder of Málik, a brother of Qays, by his horsemen gave the signal
for war. In the fighting which ensued Dhubyán more than held their
own, but neither party could obtain a decisive advantage. Qays slew
the brothers Ḥudhayfa and Ḥamal--
"_Ḥamal I slew and eased my heart thereby,
Ḥudhayfa glutted my avenging brand;
But though I slaked my thirst by slaying them,
I would as lief have lost my own right hand._"[127]
After a long period--forty years according to the traditional
computation--‘Abs and Dhubyán were reconciled by the exertions of
two chieftains of the latter tribe, Ḥárith b. ‘Awf and Harim b.
Sinán, whose generous and patriotic intervention the poet Zuhayr has
celebrated. Qays went into exile. "I will not look," he said, "on
the face of any woman of Dhubyán whose father or brother or husband
or son I have killed." If we may believe the legend, he became a
Christian monk and ended his days in ‘Umán.
[Sidenote: The Hijáz.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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