Fig. 5. _A fancy bracket Cockspur Lamp_, intended merely to show that the coal-gas, as it passes to the burner, is perfectly devoid of colour, and invisible. _a_ is a glass vessel furnished at its orifice with a brass cap, _c_, and perforated ball, out of which the gas-flame proceeds. _b_, the pipe which conveys the gas into the glass vessel, _a_. Fig. 6. _A Bracket Argand Lamp._ _a_ and _b_, the gas pipe communicating with the burner. Fig. 7 and 8. _A Horizontal Bracket Lamp._ _a_, the gas pipe, supposed to be concealed in the ceiling. _b_, the communicating pipe, which, together with _c_, branches out at right angles at _d_ _d_. _e_ _e_, are the burners of the lamp. PLATE V. fig. 1. _A Candelabrum_, into which the gas-pipe ascends from the floor of the apartment, the lateral branches communicating with the central tube. Fig. 2. _An Arabesque Chandelier._ The gas enters from the ceiling of the room into the rope-shaped pipe, _a_, from which it proceeds through one of the arched ribs, _b_ _b_, into the horizontal hoop, or pipe, _c_. Fig. 3. _A Roman Chandelier._ The gas enters through the inflexible hollow chain, _a_, into the central tube, _b_, from whence the burners are supplied by the lateral branches, _c_ _c_. Fig. 4. _A Gothic Chandelier._ The gas is transmitted to the burners through the rope, _a_, which includes a tube, and the communication with the burners is established through the lateral branches. Fig. 5. _A Pedestal Figure Lamp._ The gas is here made to pass by means of a pipe through the body of the figure into the lattice-work _plateau_, constructed of hollow and perforated brass tubes. [Illustration] Fig. 6. _A Pedestal Vase Lamp._ The gas-tube enters through one of the claw-feet of the altar-shaped pedestal, into the glass vase, _a_, at the bottom of which it joins the tubes communicating with the metallic corn-ears, _b_, at the upper extremities of which it forms _jets de feu_. Fig. 7. _A Girandole._ The gas enters through the bracket, _a_, and is conveyed to the burners by the descending tubes, _b_ _b_. Fig. 8. _A Candelabrum_, having a central pipe, through which the gas is conducted to the burner at the top. OTHER PRODUCTS OBTAINABLE FROM COAL: NAMELY, COKE, TAR, ESSENTIAL OIL, &c. Having thus far considered the nature of coal-gas as a substitute for the lights now in use, it will be necessary to attend more particularly to some other products which are obtained during the production of this species of light: namely, coke, tar, ammoniacal liquor, &c. _Coke._--The substance called coke, which constitutes the skeleton of the coal, or its carbonaceous base, is left behind in the retort, after all the evaporable products have been expelled from the coal by heat.--See page 85. It is sufficiently known, that coke is a more valuable fuel than the coal from which it is obtained.