A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the EncheiridionEpictetus
Philosophy
A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the Encheiridion
Epictetus
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
So it is with respect to the affections of the soul: when you have been
angry, you must know that not only has this evil befallen you, but that
you have also increased the habit, and in a manner thrown fuel upon
fire.
In this manner certainly, as philosophers say, also diseases of the
mind grow up. For when you have once desired money, if reason be
applied to lead to a perception of the evil, the desire is stopped, and
the ruling faculty of our mind is restored to the original authority.
But if you apply no means of cure, it no longer returns to the same
state, but being again excited by the corresponding appearance, it is
inflamed to desire quicker than before: and when this takes place
continually, it is henceforth hardened (made callous), and the disease
of the mind confirms the love of money. For he who has had a fever, and
has been relieved from it, is not in the same state that he was before,
unless he has been completely cured. Something of the kind happens also
in diseases of the soul. Certain traces and blisters are left in it,
and unless a man shall completely efface them, when he is again lashed
on the same places, the lash will produce not blisters (weals) but
sores. If then you wish not to be of an angry temper, do not feed the
habit: throw nothing on it which will increase it: at first keep quiet,
and count the days on which you have not been angry. I used to be in
passion every day; now every second day; then every third, then every
fourth. But if you have intermitted thirty days, make a sacrifice to
God. For the habit at first begins to be weakened, and then is
completely destroyed. “I have not been vexed to-day, nor the day after,
nor yet on any succeeding day during two or three months; but I took
care when some exciting things happened.” Be assured that you are in a
good way.
How then shall this be done? Be willing at length to be approved by
yourself, be willing to appear beautiful to God, desire to be in purity
with your own pure self and with God. Then when any such appearance
visits you, Plato says, Have recourse to expiations, go a suppliant to
the temples of the averting deities. It is even sufficient if you
resort to the society of noble and just men, and compare yourself with
them, whether you find one who is living or dead.
But in the first place, be not hurried away by the rapidity of the
appearance, but say, Appearances, wait for me a little; let me see who
you are, and what you are about; let me put you to the test. And then
do not allow the appearance to lead you on and draw lively pictures of
the things which will follow; for if you do, it will carry you off
wherever it pleases. But rather bring in to oppose it some other
beautiful and noble appearance, and cast out this base appearance. And
if you are accustomed to be exercised in this way, you will see what
shoulders, what sinews, what strength you have. But now it is only
trifling words, and nothing more.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account