A supplementary report on the results of a special inquiry into the practice of interment in towns.Chadwick, Edwin
History
A supplementary report on the results of a special inquiry into the practice of interment in towns.
Chadwick, Edwin
Burial; Cemeteries -- Great Britain; Mortality -- Statistics; Public health -- Great Britain; Working class -- Great Britain
It is stated that the practice of keeping the body in the house is a
very great evil; how long have you known bodies to be kept in the
house before interment?—I have known them to be kept three weeks: we
every week see them kept until the bodies are nearly putrid:
sometimes they have run away almost through the coffin, and the poor
people, women and children, are living and sleeping in the same room
at the same time. In some cases there is superstition about the
interments, but it is not very frequent. Then when the corpse is
uncovered, or the coffin is open, females will hang over it. A widow
who hung over the body of her husband, caught the disease of which
he died. The doctor told her he knew she must have kissed or touched
the body: she died, leaving seven orphans, of whom four are now in
an orphan asylum. A young man died not long since, and his body
rapidly decomposed. His sister, a fine healthy girl, hung over the
corpse and kissed it; in three weeks after she died also.
§ 32. The descriptions given by the labouring classes themselves of the
circumstances precedent to the removal of the body for interment, are
similar to those in the instances above cited. They are thus described
by John Downing, one of several respectable mechanics examined:—
You, as secretary [of a burial society] are called upon to attend
the funeral; are you not?—Yes, I am. It is part of our rules, also,
that the secretary shall see the body and identify it. When old
members, whom I have known, have been sick, I have visited them,
although I am not obliged to do it.
What in the case of death is the condition in which you generally
find the corpse?—It is generally stretched out on a shutter, with a
sheet over it. Children are generally laid out on the table.
In how many cases do you find that those whom you visit, who may
perhaps be considered to be of the class of respectable mechanics,
do you find them occupying more than one room?—About one case in
six.
Have you observed any effects from the long retention of the body in
the same room as the family?—Yes, I have known children to have
taken the disease and die; I have also known the widow who has hung
over the body and kissed it, become ill and die through it. I have
known other cases where there has been severe illness. I have myself
been made ill by visiting them; I have felt giddy in the head and
very sick, and have gone to the nearest house of refreshment to get
some brandy. I have felt the effects for two or three days.
§ 33. The next class of witnesses, who receive the remains at the place
of burial, attest the fact that the smell from the coffin is frequently
powerfully offensive, and that it is by no means an uncommon occurrence
that the decomposing matter escapes from it, and in the streets, and in
the church, and in the church-yard, runs down over the shoulders of the
bearers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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