TREATMENT.--This consists in the application of nitrate of silver, either in strong solution or in the solid stick, to the under surface of the inferior and middle turbinated bones, of washing the parts with a dilute solution of carbolic acid, and of passing through the cheek tissues a constant electrical current of a strength of from five to ten cells. Tonics and alteratives should not be neglected, and an outdoor life, as far as is practicable, should be enjoined. The galvano-cautery may be used to destroy any nodules of tissue which resist other treatment. All applications are well borne, if indeed we may not look upon the condition of the surfaces as partially analgesic, and thus far of unfavorable significance. It is certain that indurated tags of oedematous and chronically inflamed mucous membrane overlying a bone, such as the middle turbinated or the alveolar line about the necks of the teeth, will never yield to anything but the most powerful astringents. Upon such tissues the most concentrated solutions of nitrate of silver are never caustic. The premaxillary portion of the inferior turbinated bone is frequently seen hopelessly infiltrated, and it must then be destroyed by the electro-cautery. When a discharge of a pus-like character exists, careful search should be made for the cause. If a tumor or foreign body be found, it should be removed, but if the cause lie in one of the outlying spaces of the nasal chamber, it is evident that the above treatment is palliative only. _(b)_ In atrophy of the nasal mucous surfaces and turbinals we have, as in the last-named group, spacious chambers, a purulent discharge, pharyngeal irritation (in many cases), and always associated a thin and relaxed, if not a paretic, condition of the velal muscles. These cases might be looked upon as an advanced stage of the preceding affection, since it may be surmised that the stage of infiltration has been succeeded by one of atrophy. The mucous membranes are everywhere pale, and closely bound to the underlying bony framework. The discharge is purulent and confluent; where in contact with the air it is desiccated, but where protected, as by crust-like surface-layers, it is semi-fluid and tenacious. There is, consequently, no disposition for the discharge to escape from the nose, and it accumulates until the sense of obstruction induces the patient to remove it by artificial means. When first seen, the nasal chambers are frequently so fully occupied with discharge as to conceal the characteristic appearances of the mucous surface. This prolonged retention induces incipient decomposition of the mass, which gives rise to the odor so characteristic of this group of cases.