The lesser degrees of prolapse, in which the cervix has not yet fallen enough to rest on the pelvic floor, are more difficult to recognize by bimanual examination. It will be found that the upward range of motion of the uterus is greater than normal, and vaginal examination when the woman is erect will make the condition more apparent. Extreme prolapse of the uterus, in which we find protruding from the vulva a pear-shaped tumor at the apex of which is the opening of the cervical canal, should not be mistaken for any other condition. Inversion of the uterus and a uterine polyp resemble it only in shape, and in no other particular. If there is any doubt, it may be dispelled by placing the woman in the knee-chest position, when the prolapse may readily be reduced and the normal anatomical relations restored. =Treatment.=--As prolapse of the uterus is usually caused by injury to the pelvic floor, treatment should be directed in the first place to the restoration of the perineum. In slight cases of prolapse that are seen early, restoration of the perineum by Emmet’s operation is sufficient for cure. In cases of long duration, however, we have to deal with a variety of secondary conditions. These are as follows: Hypertrophy of the uterus from subinvolution or congestion; elongation of the cervix; hypertrophy of the cervix; elongation of the uterine ligaments; stretching of the vagina; stretching of the genital outlet; and atrophy of all the structures of the perineum from pressure. The atrophic changes give the most difficulty. The prognosis, therefore, depends upon the duration of the case.