=Judea's Rulers and Teachers.= | =ROME.= B.C.E. | B.C.E. | Jose b. Joezer and Jose | Final subjection of Carthage b. Jochanan 170 | and Greece 146 | Judea independent 142 | | Simon, Prince 142 | Pompey takes Syria and Joshua b. Perachia and | closes the Seleucidan Mattai the Arbelite 140-110 | dynasty 65 | John Hyrcanus I 135 | | Aristobulus I 105 | =Pompey takes Jerusalem= 63 | Alexander Janneus 104 | Judah b. Tabbai and Simon | 1st triumvirate Caesar, b. Shetach 100-90 | Pompey and Crassus 60 | Salome Alexandra 78 | Caesar 48 Aristobulus II 69 | Shemaiah and Abtalion 65-35 | | Hyrcanus II (tributary to 63 | 2nd triumvirate, Antony, Rome) | Octavius and Lepidus 44 | Antigonus 46-37 | 1st Emperor, Augustus 30 Hillel and Shammai 30 | B.C.E.--14 A.C.E. Herod 37--4 B.C.E. [Illustration: THE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM.--AS RESTORED BY CHIPIEZ.] [Illustration: GROUND PLAN OF THE TEMPLE AREA, REPRESENTING ONE THOUSAND SQUARE FEET. A.: The colossal Royal Bridge, on arches, that spanned the Tyropoeon valley from Mount Zion to Mount Moriah, and led eastward into the Court of the Gentiles. COURT OF THE GENTILES: The outer portions of the Temple area within the walls. The dots in the dotted lines show the number and position of the Corinthian columns forming colonnades that enclosed the Court. Within these colonnades was the Royal porch on the south, and Solomon's Porch on the east. In these porches the oxen, sheep, and doves selected for sacrifices were sold, as in a market. BEAUTIFUL GATE: The broad gate leading from Solomon's Porch into the Court of Women. B. B. B.: A terrace ten and a half feet high and fifteen feet broad, which bounded the inner wall of the Sanctuary. A. A.: The inner wall of the Sanctuary. THE SANCTUARY consisted of the three courts: The Court of Women, the Court of Israel, and the Court of Priests, beyond which were the Holy and Most Holy Places, forming lower apartments of the Temple proper. C. C. C. C.: Four south-side flights of steps that led up to the gates in the terrace that opened into the Courts above.