Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalismBurroughs, John
Philosophy
Accepting the universe : $b Essays in naturalism
Burroughs, John
Natural history; Natural history -- Philosophy; Philosophy; Science
We are so attached to our kind, and so dependent upon them, that
most persons feel homeless and orphaned in a universe where no
suggestion of sympathy and interest akin to our own comes to us from
the great void. A providence of impersonal forces, the broadcast,
indiscriminate benefits of nature, kind deeds where no thought of
kindness is, well-being as the result of immutable law--all such
ideas chill and disquiet us, until we have inured ourselves to them.
We love to fancy that we see friendly hands and hear friendly voices
in nature. It is easy to make ourselves believe that the rains, the
warmth, the fruitful seasons, are sent by some Being for our especial
benefit. The thought that we are adapted to nature and not nature
made or modified to suit us, is distasteful to us. It rubs us the
wrong way. We have long been taught to believe that there is air
because we have lungs, and water because we need it to drink, and
light because we need it to see. Science takes this conceit out of
us. The light begat the eye, and the air begat the lungs.
In the universe, as science reveals it to us, sensitive souls
experience the cosmic chill; in the universe as our inevitable
anthropomorphism shapes it for us, we experience the human glow. The
same anthropomorphism has in the past peopled the woods and fields
and streams and winds with good and evil spirits, and filled the
world with cruel and debasing superstitions; but in our day we have
got rid of all of this; we have abolished all gods but one. This one
we still fear, and bow down before, and seek to propitiate--not with
offerings and sacrifices, but with good Sunday clothes and creeds
and pew-rents and praise and incense and surplices and ceremonies.
What Brocken shadows our intense personalism casts upon nature!
We see the gigantic outlines of our own forms, and mistake them
for a veritable god. But as we ourselves are a part of nature, so
this humanizing tendency of ours is also a part of nature, a part
of human nature--not valid and independent, like the chemical and
physical forces, but as valid and real as our dreams, our ideas,
our aspirations. All the gods and divinities and spirits with which
man has peopled the heavens and the earth are a part of Nature as
she manifests herself in our subjective selves. So there we are, on
a trail that ends where it began. We condemn one phase of nature
through another phase of nature that is active in our own minds. How
shall we escape this self-contradiction? As we check or control the
gravity without us by the power of the gravity in our own bodies, so
our intelligence must sit in judgment on phases of the same Universal
Intelligence manifested in outward nature.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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