Economists -- Great Britain -- Biography; Smith, Adam, 1723-1790
Dugald Stewart mentions that Smith was also acquainted with D’Alembert,
Helvétius, and Marmontel. It was at the house of Helvétius that he first
met the great Turgot and the excellent Abbé Morellet. “He talked our
language very badly,” writes the Abbé in his memoirs; “but his _Theory
of Moral Sentiments_ had given me a great idea of his depth and
sagacity, and in fact I still look upon him as one who made most
comprehensive observations and analyses of all the questions that he
dealt with. M. Turgot, who was as fond of metaphysics as I was, held a
high opinion of his genius. We saw him often; he was presented at the
house of Helvétius: we discussed the theory of commerce, banking, loans,
and many points in the great book he was then composing. He gave me a
very pretty pocket-book which he used and which has served me for twenty
years.”
Turgot’s _Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Wealth_,
which were written about this time, remained unpublished till 1769, when
they began to appear in the _Éphémérides du Citoyen_. It is noteworthy
as bearing upon the question of mutual obligation between Smith and
Turgot that it was the _Wealth of Nations_, not the _Reflections_, which
gave topics for their economic discussions. It has been supposed, on the
authority of Condorcet, that a correspondence was subsequently carried
on between Smith and Turgot. But the publication quite recently of a
letter written by Smith to the young Duke of Rochefoucauld has removed
all doubt upon the subject. Rochefoucauld had written to inquire of
Smith if he possessed any letters from Turgot, and this is the answer:—
“I should certainly have been very happy to have communicated to your
Grace any letters which the ever to be regretted Mr. Turgot had done
me the honour to write to me; and by that means to have the
distinguished honour of being recorded as one of his correspondents.
But tho’ I had the happiness of his acquaintance and, I flattered
myself, even of his friendship and esteem, I never had that of his
correspondence. He was so good as to send me a copy of the _Procès
Verbal_ of what passed at the bed of justice upon the registration of
his six edicts which did so much honour to their Author, and, had they
been executed without alteration, would have proved so beneficial to
his country. But the present (which I preserve as a most valuable
monument of a person whom I remember with so much veneration) was not
accompanied with any letter.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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