It is not of course very easy to point out the meaning of every name of a place that has a Danish or Norwegian termination; the original form having been partly corrupted by later differences of pronunciation, and partly changed, by the ancient Scandinavians having often merely added a Scandinavian ending to the older names, or at most re-modelled them into forms that had a home-like sound to their ears. Still there are names enough of places whose signification is quite clear. To instance some derived from the situation or nature of the place: Eastby (_Dan._, Ostby; _Eng._, the eastern village), Westerby (_Eng._, the western village), Mickleby (_Dan._, Magleby; _Eng._, the large village), Somerby, Markby (_Eng._, the field village), Newby (_Dan._, Nyby; _Eng._, the new village), Upperby (_Dan._, Overby; _Eng._, the upper village), Netherby (the lower village), Langtoft (the long field), Kirkland (church-land), Stainsby (the stone village), Haidenby (_Dan._, Hedeby; _Eng._, the heath village), Raithby (_Dan._, Rödby, from _rydde_, to clear away), Dalby (village in the dale), Scawby and Scausby (village in the wood), Scow, Askwith (_Dan._, Askved, or Askeskov, _i.e._ Ashwood), Storwith (_Dan._, Storved, or Storskov; _Eng._, the large wood), Lund (Danish for _grove_), Risby (the beech village), Thornby (the thorn village), Birkby (_Dan._, Birk; _Eng._, the birch village), Ings (_Dan._, Enge; _Eng._ meadow), Brackenthwaite (Bregentved, from Brackens), Northorpe (_Dan._, Nörup; _Eng._, north village), Millthrop (_Dan._, Möldrup; _Eng._, mill-village), Staindrop (_Dan._, Stenderup; _Eng._, stone village), Linthorpe (_Dan._, Lindrup; _Eng._, lime-tree village), Stonegarth (_Dan._, Steengaard; _Eng._, stone farm), Dalegarth (_Dan._, Dalsgaard; _Eng._, valley farm), Fieldgarth (_Dan._, Fjeldgaard; _Eng._, rocky farm), with others. A village on the river Eden in Cumberland is called Longwathby (from a long ford, or wading place; _Danish_, at vade); and north and south of the Humber, at a spot where there is a ferry over the river (_Dan._, Færge), lie north and south Ferriby! Almost all these names, to which a great number of similar ones might be added, answer to names of places still in use in Denmark, only with this difference, that _thwaite_ has there passed into _tvede_, or _tved_, and _thorpe_ into _trup_, _drup_, or _rup_. The following examples may be cited of Danish-Norwegian names of places in England, called after animals: Codale (Cowdale), Swinedale, Swinethorpe, Hestholm (_Eng._, Horse-holm), Calthorpe, and Hareby. Names of places containing personal names are, however, beyond comparison far more numerous, and were probably taken from the first Scandinavian conquerors; as, for instance, Rollesby (Rolfsby), Ormsby (Gormsby), Ormskirk, Grimsdale, Grimsthorpe, Haconby, Gunnerby, Aslackby, Swainby, Swainsthorpe, Ingersby, Thirkelsby, Asserby, Johnby, Brandsby, Ingoldasthorpe, Osgodby, Thoresby, and several others.