An encyclopedist of the dark ages: Isidore of SevilleBrehaut, Ernest
History
An encyclopedist of the dark ages: Isidore of Seville
Brehaut, Ernest
Isidore, of Seville, Saint, -636; Thesis (Ph. D.)
In Isidore we find that allegorical interpretation is a thing
of little spontaneity. The allegorizing of the Scriptures had
long before his time settled down into a system. In his _Certain
Allegories of the Holy Scriptures_ a list is given of the most
noted mystical interpretations of Scripture, a dry enumeration,
with now and then an interesting side-light upon the opinion of the
time. The extent to which the Scripture was subject to allegorizing
may be guessed from the fact that Isidore specifies that “the ten
commandments must be taken literally”.[99] Allegory is applied also
to the phenomena of nature. In _De Natura Rerum_ Isidore makes
a regular practice of first giving the explanation of natural
phenomena and following this with the “higher meaning”. Thus the
sun has Christ for its allegorical meaning; the stars, the saints;
thunder is “the rebuke from on high of the divine voice”, or it may
be “the loud preaching of the saints, which dins with loud clamor in
the ears of the faithful over all the circle of the lands”.[100] In
the _Etymologies_ this “higher meaning” of natural objects is rarely
given.
[99] Migne, _P. L._, 83, col. 303. “Inter haec igitur omnia
decem praecepta solum ibi quod de Sabbato positum est figurate
observandum praecipitur. Quam figuram nos intelligendam, non
etiam per otium corporale celebrandam, suscipimus. Reliqua tamen
ibi praecepta proprie praecepta sunt, quae sine ulla figurata
significatione observantur. Nihil enim mystice significant,
sed sic intelliguntur ut sonant. Et notandum quia sicut decem
plagis percutiuntur Aegyptii, sic decem praeceptis conscribuntur
tabulae, quibus regantur populi Dei.” The Scriptures were for
Isidore _un vasto simbolismo_ (Cañal, _San Isidoro_, p. 51).
[100] _D. N. R._, 29, 2.
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