An old master, and other political essaysWilson, Woodrow
Science
An old master, and other political essays
Wilson, Woodrow
Political science; Smith, Adam, 1723-1790; United States -- Politics and government
Singularly enough, there is sharp opposition to the introduction
into Congress of any such leadership on the part of the executive as
the Ministers of the Crown enjoy in Parliament, on the ground of the
increase of power which would accrue as a result to the legislature.
It is said that such a change would, by centring party and personal
responsibility in Congress, give too great a prominence to legislation;
would make Congress the object of too excited an interest on the part
of the people. Legislation in Parliament, instead of being piecemeal,
tessellated work, such as is made up in Congress of the various
fragments contributed by the standing committees, is, under each
ministry, a continuous, consistent, coherent whole; and, instead of
bearing the sanction of both national parties, is the peculiar policy
of only one of them. It is thought that, if such coherence of plan,
definiteness and continuity of aim, and sanction of party were to be
given the work of Congress, the resulting concentration of popular
interest and opinion would carry Congress over all the barriers of the
Constitution to an undisputed throne of illimitable power. In short,
the potential supremacy of Congress is thought to be kept within
bounds, not by the constitutional power of the executive and the
judiciary, its co-ordinate branches, but by the intrinsic dulness and
confusion of its own proceedings. It cannot make itself interesting
enough to be great.
But this is a two-edged argument, which one must needs handle with
great caution. It is evidently calculated to destroy every argument
constructed on the assumption that it is written laws which are
effective to the salvation of our constitutional arrangements; for
it is itself constructed on the opposite assumption, that it is the
state of popular interest in the nation which balances the forces of
the government. It would, too, serve with equal efficacy against any
scheme whatever for reforming the present methods of legislation in
Congress, with which almost everybody is dissatisfied. Any reform
which should tend to give to national legislation that uniform, open,
intelligent, and responsible character which it now lacks, would also
create that popular interest in the proceedings of Congress which, it
is said, would unhinge the Constitution. Democracy is so delicate a
form of government that it must break down if given too great facility
or efficacy of operation. No one body of men must be suffered to utter
the voice of the people, lest that voice become, through it, directly
supreme.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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