Returning to imitation considered in its human aspect, to imitation as a transferred association in particular, we find that here our analytical study of the animal mind promises important contributions to general comparative psychology. If it is true, and there has been no disagreement about it, that the primates do imitate acts of such novelty and complexity that only this out-and-out kind of imitation can explain the fact, we have located one great advance in mental development. Till the primates we get practically nothing but instincts and individual acquirement through impulsive trial and error. Among the primates we get also acquisition by imitation, one form of the increase of mental equipment by tradition. The child may learn from the parent quickly without the tiresome process of seeing for himself. The less active and less curious may share the progress of their superiors. The brain whose impulses hitherto could only be dislodged by specific sense-impressions may now have any impulse set agoing by the sight of the movement to which it corresponds. All this on the common supposition that the primates _do_ imitate, that a monkey in the place of these cats and dogs _would_ have pulled the string. My apology for leaving the matter in this way without experiments of my own is that the monkey which I procured for just this purpose failed in two months to become tame enough to be thus experimented on. Accurate information about the nature and extent of imitation among the primates should be the first aim of further work in comparative psychology, and will be sought by the present writer as soon as he can get subjects fit for experiments. In a questionnaire which was sent to fifteen animal trainers, the following questions were asked:— 1. “If one dog was in the habit of ‘begging’ to get food and another dog saw him do it ten or twenty times, would the second dog then beg himself?” 2. “In general is it easier for you to teach a cat or dog a trick if he has seen another do it?” 3. “In general do cats imitate each other? Do dogs? Do monkeys?” 4. “Give reasons for your opinion, and please write all the reasons you have.” Five gentlemen (Messrs. R. C. Carlisle, C. L. Edwards, V. P. Wormwood, H. S. Maguire and W. E. Burke) courteously responded to my questionnaire. All are trainers of acknowledged reputation. To these questions on imitation four replied. To the first question we find the following answers: (_a_) “Most dogs would.” (_b_) “Yes; he will very likely do it. He will try and imitate the other dog _generally_.” (_c_) “If a young dog with the mother, it would be very apt to.... With older dogs, it would depend very much upon circumstances.” (_d_) “He would not.”