"Still another contribution to the subject, while it does not increase
the number of hypotheses, is nevertheless important in that it tends to
diminish the weight of the magnetic evidence and thus to reopen the
question which Mr. Baker and I supposed we had settled. Our
fellow-member, Mr. Edwin E. Howell, through whose hands much of the
meteoric iron had passed, points out that each of the iron masses,
great and small, is in itself a complete individual. They have none of
the characters that would be found if they had been broken one from
another, and yet, as they are all of one type and all reached the earth
within a small district, it must be supposed that they were originally
connected in some way.
"Reasoning by analogy from the characters of other meteoric bodies, he
infers that the irons were all included in a large mass of some
different material, either crystalline rock, such as constitutes the
class of meteorites called 'stony,' or else a compound of iron and
sulphur, similar to certain nodules discovered inside the iron masses
when sawn in two. Neither of these materials is so enduring as iron,
and the fact that they are not now found on the plain does not prove
their original absence. Moreover, the plain is strewn in the vicinity
of the crater with bits of limonite, a mineral frequently produced by
the action of air and water on iron sulphides, and this material is
much more abundant than the iron. If it be true that the iron masses
were thus imbedded, like plums in an astral pudding, the hypothetic
buried star might have great size and yet only small power to attract
the magnetic needle. Mr. Howell also proposes a qualification of the
test by volumes, suggesting that some of the rocks beneath the buried
star might have been condensed by the shock so as to occupy less space.
"These considerations are eminently pertinent to the study of the
crater and will find appropriate place in any comprehensive discussion
of its origin; but the fact which is peculiarly worthy of note at the
present time is their ability to unsettle a conclusion that was
beginning to feel itself secure. This illustrates the tentative nature
not only of the hypotheses of science, but of what science calls its
results.
"The method of hypotheses, and that method is the method of science,
founds its explanations of nature wholly on observed facts, and its
results are ever subject to the limitations imposed by imperfect
observation. However grand, however widely accepted, however useful
its conclusions, none is so sure that it cannot be called into question
by a newly discovered fact. In the domain of the world's knowledge
there is no infallibility."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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