"Besides the _Europeans_, many of the native _Indians_ come annually down to the sea shore, in order to catch clams, proceeding with them afterwards in the manner I have just described. The shells of these clams are used by the _Indians_ as money, and make what they call their wampum: they likewise serve their women as an ornament, when they intend to appear in full dress. These wampums are properly made of the purple parts of the shells, which the _Indians_ value more than the white parts. A traveller, who goes to trade with the _Indians_, and is well stocked with them, may become a considerable gainer; but if he take gold coin, or bullion, he will undoubtedly be a loser; for the _Indians_, who live farther up the country, put little or no value upon these metals which we reckon so precious, as I have frequently observed in the course of my travels. The _Indians_ formerly made their own wampums, though not without a deal of trouble: but at present the _Europeans_ employ themselves that way; especially the inhabitants of _Albany_, who get a considerable profit by it. In the sequel I intend to relate the manner of making wampum."[91] "The article was highly prized as an ornament, and as such constituted an article of trafic between the sea-coast and the interior tribes. * * * "The old wampum was made by hand, and was an exceedingly rude article. After the discovery, the Dutch introduced the lathe in its manufacture, polished and perforated it with exactness, and soon had the monopoly of the trade. The principal place of its manufacture was at Hackensak, in New Jersey. The principal deposit of sea shells was Long Island, where the extensive shell banks left by the Indians, on which it is difficult to find a whole shell, show the immense quantities that were manufactured."[92] The name _wampum_ is often applied to shell beads indiscriminately, but frequently has a more restricted significance, referring to the small cylindrical varieties used in strings and belts. It was known first in New England as _wampumpeag_, _wampompeage_, _peag_, _wompam_ and _wampum_; the Dutch of New Sweden knew it as _seawan_, _sewant_, and _seawant_, while on the Virginia coast, it was called _peak_, a roughly made discoidal variety being known as _ronoak_ or _roenoke_, and heavy flattish beads pierced edgeways were called _runtees_. It is probable that all of these names are American in origin, although there is some difference of opinion as to their derivation. Loskiel says that _wampom_ is an Iroquois word meaning muscle, but according to Morgan, who is probably the best modern authority on this subject, the word _wampum_ is not Iroquois in origin but Algonkin, as it was first known in New England as _wampumpeage_.